Regional Calendars
The history of calendars in India is complex owing to the long history of Indian civilization and the diversity of cultural influences. It is known that the Indians used both the solar and lunisolar calendar. The modern Indian calendars that are used in India today are astronomical in nature because they are close approximations to true times of its related astronomical events such as the travelling of the Sun along certain paths on the ecliptic and lunar conjunctions.
The modern Indian solar and lunisolar calendars have many local variations and hence their own characteristics, due to the difference in customs and astronomical practices adopted by calendar-makers in different regions of India. However, they are still based on common calendrical principles found mainly in an ancient astronomical treatise called the Surya Siddhanta.
Since Gregorian calendar is used as a Universal calendar to celebrate birthdays, Historical events and events. But Regional festivals depends on according to the dates on their own calendars.
However, the starting date of any particular calendar is celebrated as the 1st day of each year. So dates and years varu for each and particular calendar.
1. Panchang
It refers to all those types of Panchang which have been traditionally used in India since ancient times .The word Panchang means five-limbed.
There are five parts of time calculation in the Panchang:
Vaar, Tithi, Nakshatra, Yoga, and Karana.
These are of Chandrasaur in nature. All Hindu calendars are based on the same principles and methods of counting the time, but they differs in terms of the names of the months and the beginning of the year.
The main Panchangs used in India are-
(1) Vikrami Panchang - This is the most famous Panchang which is prevalent in the northern, western and central part of India.
(2) Tamil Panchang - This Panchnag is widespread in South India.
(3) The Bengali Panchang - This Panchang is widespread in Bengal and some other eastern parts of India.
(4) Malayalam Panchang - It is widespread in Kerala and It is a Solar Panchang.
The different measurements of all calendar systems are as follows:
1 day= 24 hours = 1 Ghati is equal to 24 Minutes.
1 Ghati = 60 Pal = 24 Minutes = 24 Seconds
1 Moment = 60 Vipal (60 Vipal = 24 seconds, 1 Vipal = 0.4 seconds)
1 Vipal = 60 Vipal
Different variations of Calendars used in different regions of India:
The Orissa calendar is mainly used in Orissa and partially in Punjab and Haryana.
In Tamil Nadu and other Tamil speaking areas, people generally follow the Tamil calendar.
The Malayali calendar is used in Kerala and the Bengal calendar is used in West Bengal, Assam and Tripura.
2. Oriya Calendar
The Oriya calendar is a luni-solar calendar used in the state of Odisha, India. This calendar follows the sidereal solar cycle while using the lunar Purnimanta phase for the religious dates. The New Year in the Odia calendar is known as Pana Sankranti which occurs on the first day of the traditional solar month of Mesa.. The Odia calendar follows the Amli era, which began on Bhadra shukla dvadasi from 592 CE.
The Odia New Year festival is known as Pana Sankranti or Maha Bishuba Sankrant.
Festivals according to Oriya calendar:
3. Bengali Calendar
The Bengali Calendar is also known as Bangla Calendar. Theis calendar is a Solar calendar which is used in the Bengal region of the Indian sub-continent. It is the National and official calendar of Bangladesh, Also an earliest version of this calendar is followed in the Indian states of West bengal, Tripura and Assam.
The Bangla year is 594 less than the AD or CE year in the Gregorian year if it is before Pôhela Boishakh, or 593 less after Pohela Boishakh.
The New Year in the Bengali Calendar is known as Pohela Boishakh. The year begins on Pohela Boishakh, which falls on 14 April according to the tropical calendar in Bangladesh.It is similar to Hindu Calendar.
The revised version of the Bengali calendar was officially in Bangladesh in the year 1987.
Seasons according to Bangla Calendar-
The Bengali calendar consists of 6 seasons, with two months comprising each season. It starts from Pohela Boishakh,they are:
Grishsho or Summer; Bôrsha or Rainy/Monsoon season; Shôrot or Autumn; Hemonto or the Dry season; Šit or Winter; and Bôshonto or Spring. But as the traditional calendar used in India is sidereal, it does not correspond to the actual tropical movement of the earth
4. Malayalam Calendar
5. Assamese Calendar
The Assamese Calendar is a luni-solar calendar, which is followed in the Assam, India. The New year in the Assamese calendar is known as Bohag Bihu. The calendar is counted from the date of the ascension of Kumar Bhaskar Barman to the throne of Kamrup. This calendar differs 593 years with Gregorian calendar.
The history of calendars in India is complex owing to the long history of Indian civilization and the diversity of cultural influences. It is known that the Indians used both the solar and lunisolar calendar. The modern Indian calendars that are used in India today are astronomical in nature because they are close approximations to true times of its related astronomical events such as the travelling of the Sun along certain paths on the ecliptic and lunar conjunctions.
The modern Indian solar and lunisolar calendars have many local variations and hence their own characteristics, due to the difference in customs and astronomical practices adopted by calendar-makers in different regions of India. However, they are still based on common calendrical principles found mainly in an ancient astronomical treatise called the Surya Siddhanta.
Since Gregorian calendar is used as a Universal calendar to celebrate birthdays, Historical events and events. But Regional festivals depends on according to the dates on their own calendars.
However, the starting date of any particular calendar is celebrated as the 1st day of each year. So dates and years varu for each and particular calendar.
1. Panchang
It refers to all those types of Panchang which have been traditionally used in India since ancient times .The word Panchang means five-limbed.
There are five parts of time calculation in the Panchang:
Vaar, Tithi, Nakshatra, Yoga, and Karana.
These are of Chandrasaur in nature. All Hindu calendars are based on the same principles and methods of counting the time, but they differs in terms of the names of the months and the beginning of the year.
The main Panchangs used in India are-
(1) Vikrami Panchang - This is the most famous Panchang which is prevalent in the northern, western and central part of India.
(2) Tamil Panchang - This Panchnag is widespread in South India.
(3) The Bengali Panchang - This Panchang is widespread in Bengal and some other eastern parts of India.
(4) Malayalam Panchang - It is widespread in Kerala and It is a Solar Panchang.
The different measurements of all calendar systems are as follows:
1 day= 24 hours = 1 Ghati is equal to 24 Minutes.
1 Ghati = 60 Pal = 24 Minutes = 24 Seconds
1 Moment = 60 Vipal (60 Vipal = 24 seconds, 1 Vipal = 0.4 seconds)
1 Vipal = 60 Vipal
Different variations of Calendars used in different regions of India:
The Orissa calendar is mainly used in Orissa and partially in Punjab and Haryana.
In Tamil Nadu and other Tamil speaking areas, people generally follow the Tamil calendar.
The Malayali calendar is used in Kerala and the Bengal calendar is used in West Bengal, Assam and Tripura.
2. Oriya Calendar
The Oriya calendar is a luni-solar calendar used in the state of Odisha, India. This calendar follows the sidereal solar cycle while using the lunar Purnimanta phase for the religious dates. The New Year in the Odia calendar is known as Pana Sankranti which occurs on the first day of the traditional solar month of Mesa.. The Odia calendar follows the Amli era, which began on Bhadra shukla dvadasi from 592 CE.
The Odia New Year festival is known as Pana Sankranti or Maha Bishuba Sankrant.
Festivals according to Oriya calendar:
| Months | Festivals |
|---|---|
| Baisakha | Pana Sankranti (Maha |
| Jyestha | |
| Asadha | |
| Srabana | |
| Bhadraba | |
| Aswina | |
| Karttika | |
| Margasira | |
| Pausa | |
| Magha | |
| Phalguna | |
| Chaitra |
The Bengali Calendar is also known as Bangla Calendar. Theis calendar is a Solar calendar which is used in the Bengal region of the Indian sub-continent. It is the National and official calendar of Bangladesh, Also an earliest version of this calendar is followed in the Indian states of West bengal, Tripura and Assam.
The Bangla year is 594 less than the AD or CE year in the Gregorian year if it is before Pôhela Boishakh, or 593 less after Pohela Boishakh.
The New Year in the Bengali Calendar is known as Pohela Boishakh. The year begins on Pohela Boishakh, which falls on 14 April according to the tropical calendar in Bangladesh.It is similar to Hindu Calendar.
The revised version of the Bengali calendar was officially in Bangladesh in the year 1987.
Seasons according to Bangla Calendar-
The Bengali calendar consists of 6 seasons, with two months comprising each season. It starts from Pohela Boishakh,they are:
Grishsho or Summer; Bôrsha or Rainy/Monsoon season; Shôrot or Autumn; Hemonto or the Dry season; Šit or Winter; and Bôshonto or Spring. But as the traditional calendar used in India is sidereal, it does not correspond to the actual tropical movement of the earth
4. Malayalam Calendar
5. Assamese Calendar
The Assamese Calendar is a luni-solar calendar, which is followed in the Assam, India. The New year in the Assamese calendar is known as Bohag Bihu. The calendar is counted from the date of the ascension of Kumar Bhaskar Barman to the throne of Kamrup. This calendar differs 593 years with Gregorian calendar.
| S.No | Romanozation | heading2 | heading3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0-0 | 0-1 | 0-2 | 0-3 |
| 1-0 | 1-1 | 1-2 | 1-3 |
| 2-0 | 2-1 | 2-2 | 2-3 |
| 3-0 | 3-1 | 3-2 | 3-3 |
| 4-0 | 4-1 | 4-2 | 4-3 |
| 5-0 | 5-1 | 5-2 | 5-3 |
| 6-0 | 6-1 | 6-2 | 6-3 |
| 7-0 | 7-1 | 7-2 | 7-3 |
| 8-0 | 8-1 | 8-2 | 8-3 |
| 9-0 | 9-1 | 9-2 | 9-3 |
| 10-0 | 10-1 | 10-2 | 10-3 |
| 11-0 | 11-1 | 11-2 | 11-3 |
Links in this Post
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pana_Sankranti Bangladesh.ItSIMILAR FOR YOU
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