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- Aspirin
- Benorylate
- Salsalate
- None of these
Explanation: Aspirin, benorylate and slasalate are ester prodrugs of NSAIDs.
- Machanism of action
- Intraction with receptor
- toxic effect of drug
- metabolism of drug
Explanation: pharmacodynamics is the study of mechanism of drug action and the relationship between drug concentration and effect
- toxic dose and therapeutic dose
- therapeutic dose and % response
- Toxic dose and % response
- None of these
Explanation: Response appers at therapeutic dose but toxic effects apper at toxic dose. There should be good margin between therapeutic and toxic dose
- Stimulatory
- Inhibitory
- Stimulatory or inhibitory depends on nature of exocrine glands
- None of these
Explanation: Exocrine glands and nicotinic receptors are stimulated by Ach.
- Cardiac arrest
- Liver damage
- Depression of respiration
- All of these
Explanation: Brbiturates are effective as Anxiolytics, Hypnotics and anticonvulsants
- Intraction with fungal membran sterol
- Inhibiting protien synthesis
- Inhibiting cell wall synthesis
- None of these
Explanation:
- Phenylbutazone
- Piroxicam
- Benorylate
- Indomethacine
Explanation: Piroxicam is used to relieve the symptoms of rheumatoid and osteoarthritis
- inhibition of calcium reflux
- inhibition of enzyme peptidyl dipeptidase
- relaxation of smooth muscles
- None of these
Explanation: Captopril is an ACE Inhibitor
- Calcium
- Manganese
- Sodium
- Potassium
Explanation: Calcium activates protien Kinase C, which inturn, activates phospholipase A2. Calcium is responsible for activation of prothrombin into thrombin which convert fibrinogen to fibrin
- Oral route
- Rectal route
- Intramuscular route
- All of these
Explanation: Paraldehyde is used to treat alcoholism and some convulsive desorders.
- same class of drug
- different class of drug
- same or different class of drug
- None of these
Explanation: Pharmaceutical products are bioequivalent if they are pharmaceutically equivalent and their bioavailabilities.
- Nicotinic acid
- vitamin A
- vitamin B1
- vitamin K
Explanation: nicotinic acid is also called vitamin B3 and Niacin.
- Phenelzine
- Trifluperazine
- Promethazine
- Hydroxyzine
Explanation: Trifluperazine is a typical antipsychotic of phenothyzine chemical class.
- Dissolution rate
- Half-life of a drug
- Disintration rate
- All of these
Explanation: Half-life is the amount of time required for a quantity to fall to half its value
- Estrogen
- Estrogen and progestin
- Non-steroidal compound
- None of these
Explanation: Saheli is the non-hormonal contraceptive pill contains Ormeloxifene which is a selective estrogen receptor modulator, (SERMs).
- Methylsergide
- Ergotamine
- Serotonin
- Nicotine
Explanation: Ergotamine has antimigraine effect due to constiction of intracranial extracerebral blood vessel.
- Desferoxamine
- Copper
- Pyridoxine
- Riboflavin
Explanation: Desferoxamine is a bactrial siderophore produced by the actinobacteria (Streptomyces pilosus).
- Mydriatics
- Vasoconstrictors
- Vasodilators
- Miotics
Explanation: Sympathomimetic drugs cause miosis.
- Myasthenia gravis
- Hypertension
- Angina
- DM
- Rifampin
- Isoniazid
- Aspirin
- Luminal
Explanation: Rifampin is bactericidal antibiotic. It is intensly red solid which causes red colour of urine.
- Protamine sulphate
- Warfarin
- BAL
- Glyceryl trinitrate
Explanation: Protamine sulphate binds to heparin and reverse its anticoagulant effect.
- Barbiturates
- Morphine
- Cocaine
- Alcohol
Explanation: Naloxene is pure opioid antagonist. Naloxene is used to counter the effect of morphine.
- Habituation
- Tolerance
- Cumulative tolerance
- Physical dependence
Explanation: Digitalis id commonly called foxgolves. Overdose may cause cumulative tolerance.
- Tetany
- Blindness
- Inflammation of skin
- Gastric irritation
Explanation: Methyle alcohol is metabolised to formic acid which act on CNS and cause blindness.
- Agranulocytocis
- Redness in eye
- Discolouration of teeth
- Fever
Explanation: Tetracycline are a group of broad spectrum antibiotic. Discolouration of teeth is side effect of tetracycline to the infant upto eight year of age.
- Feeding
- Removing poision from stomach
- Gastric lavage
- All of the above purpose
Explanation: Ryle's tube is medical device, involving the insertion of a plastic tube through the nose and down in stomach.
- Clinical service
- Pharmacy service
- Nursing service
- All of the above
Explanation: Nurses are directly involved in patient care.
- It causes gastric irritation
- It causes anaemia
- It is absorbed slowly
- It causes allergy
Explanation: Aspirin is alsoo called acetyl salicylic acid causes irritation in stomach.
- Chief pharmacist
- Medical officer
- Analytical chemist
- Physician
Explanation: Chief pharmacist is the member secretory of PTC.
- Antagonism
- Competitive antagonism
- Synergism
- non-competitive antagonism
Explanation: Synergism is the combination of two or more things that create an effect which is greater than the sum of both seprately.
- Famotidine
- Ranitidine
- Cimetidine
- Omeprazole
Explanation: Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used in the treatment of dyspepsia and peptic ulcer disease ( Zollinger-ellison syndrome ).
- Allergic reactions
- Hypertensive crisis
- Decrease absorption
- None of the above
Explanation: Hypertensive crisis is also known as mlignant hypertensive causes impairment of organ system which is irriversible. Chease prolongs the effect of MAO inhibitors which cause increased neurotransmitters ( hypertensive crisis ).
- As much as you please
- To be added
- When required
- Upto
- Those patients who are bedridden
- Those who are able to walk
- Those who are brought to hospital in an ambulance
- Elderly patients
Explanation: Ambulatory patients are also called OPD patients.
- Given with meal
- Given 3 hours after meal
- Given 1/2 hours before meal
- both (b) and (c)
Explanation: Lipids are group of naturally occuring, molecules that include fats, waxes etc. While taking meal, pH of GIT decreases so absorption of lipid increases.
- 5% solution of D-glucose
- Distilled water which is acidified to pH 5.0
- 0.5% solution of sodium chloride in distilled water
- None of above
- Paracetamol
- Colchicines
- Indomethacin
- Allopurinol
Explanation: Allopurinol causes congenital malformation so it is contra-indicated in pregnancy.
- G
- J
- C
- H
- Drug controller
- Chemical analyst
- Govt. analyst
- Testing laboratories
- Standard for opthalmic preparation
- Standards fro surgical dressings
- Standards for cometics
- None of these
- Good man practices
- Good manufacturing practices
- good manufacturing plant
- Good material practices
Explanation: GMP is short term for good manufacturing practices.
- Carotene
- Caramel
- Tetrazine
- All of these
Explanation: carotene is an orange photosynthetic pigment important for photosynthesis.
- B
- G
- H
- X
Explanation: Ibuprofen is a NSAID and belongs to schedule H drug.
- Form 12 A
- Form 19
- Form 8
- Form 24 C
Explanation: Form 12A should be filled to import medicine for personal use.
- Superscription
- Inscription
- Subscription
- Signature
Explanation: inscription is the portion of the prescription that specifies the medication.
- Edema
- Asthma
- Ulcer
- Depression
Explanation: Aminophyllin is a bronchodilator and used in asthma
- Inflammation
- Gout
- Pain
- none of these
Explanation: Colchicine is the main drug for gout from natural sources.
- Excess of dopamine
- Depletion of dopamine
- Depletion of epinephrine
- None of these
Explanation: the brain dopamine loss is fundamental to perkinson's disease.
- Promethazine
- Pheniramine maleate
- Cyproheptadine
- None of these
Explanation: Cyproheptadine ( peritol ) is a 1st generation antihistaminics, also used as appetite stimulant.
- Salbutamol
- Terbutaline
- Amphetamine
- Orciprenaline
Explanation: Salbutamol ( albuterol ) is a bronchodilatory medication marketed under the brand name ventolin.
- Less active
- More toxic
- Hydrolyse rapidly
- None of these
Explanation: Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter in ANS. It is hydrolysed rapidly hence cannot used clinically.
- Glycoside linkage
- Steroid nucleus
- hydroxy group
- Unsaturated five membered lactone ring
Explanation: Cardiac activity of cardiac glycosides is due to the presence of lactone ring at C-17 position.
- Propranolol
- atenolol
- timolol
- metoprolol
Explanation: Timolol is used in Glaucoma, heart attack and hypertension.
- Amino acid
- Fatty acid
- Sugar units
- None of above
Explanation: Insulin is a peptide hormone composed of 51 amino acids.
- Blocking α-receptors
- Blocking β-receptors
- Blocking ganglions
- Depleting catecholamine
Explanation: Prazosin ( minipress ) is a sympethetic drug and it is α1-receptor blocker.
- Increasing the osmotic pressor in renal tunules
- Increasing the rate of glomarular filtration
- inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium ion
- None of above
Explanation: Mnniton is used clinically as diuretic and it act as osmotic agents.
- Testosterone propionate
- Fluxymesterone
- Stanozolol
- None of these
Explanation: Anabolic steroids include stanozolol, danozol, nandrolon, metenolon, etc.
- Stilbosterol
- Ethinylestrodiole
- Ethisterone
- None of these
- Chloramphenicol
- Bacitracin
- Streptomycin
- Penicillin
Explanation: Streptomycin, tobramycin, kanamycin, gentamycin and neomycine are the examples of aminoglycosides.
- Tobramycin
- Tetracycline
- Amoxicillin
- None of these
Explanation: The four ring in tetracycline collectively known as nepthacene ring.
- Bronchography
- Urography
- Fallopian tube
- None of these
Explanation: Iodised oil is used for the treatent of blocked fallopian tubes.
- Hypnotic
- Anticonvulsant
- Muscle relexant
- Muscarinic agent
Explanation: 5,5-diphenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione monosodium is the chemical name for 'Phenytoin' which is an anticonvulsant.
- Benzodiezipine derivative
- Benzothiazepine derivative
- Thiazolidine derivative
- None of these
Explanation: Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker and a benzothiazepine derivative.
- verapamil
- Procainamide
- Bretylium
- Maxiltene
Explanation: Bretillium blocks the release of nor-adrenaline from nerve terminals and prolong the repolarisation of cardiac muscle to act as antiarrythmic agents.
- Digoxose
- Digitoxose
- Fructose
- Doxose
Explanation: digitoxose is attached at 3-position at the steroidal ring.
- White soft paraffin
- Yellow soft paraffin
- Hard paraffin
- None of these
Explanation: Yellow soft paraffin is also known as Yellow petrollium jelly, is used as base for an eye ointment.
- b.i.d.
- q.i.d.
- s.o.s.
- t.i.d.
Explanation: b.i.d. ( bis-in-die ) is two times a day, q.i.d ( quarter in die ) 4 times a day, t.i.d (ter in die ) three times a day, s.o.s (si-opu-sit) if there is a need.
- 30ml
- 20ml
- 25ml
- 50ml
Explanation: 1 fluid ounce ( 1 Hoz ) is equivalent to 30ml.
- White wax
- Stearic acid
- Sodium stearate
- PEG 4000
- killed causative microorganism suspension
- Diptheria toxoid, tetanous toxoid, and killed bordetella pertusis suspension
- living causative micro-organism suspension
- none of these
Explanation: DPT vaccine is used aginst three infections in human - diptheria, pertusis(whooping cough), and tetanus.
- 1 ml
- 0.01 ml
- 0.1 ml
- 0.02 ml
Explanation: BCG is Bacillus Calmatte Guerin used as vaccination in the dose of 0.05 ml for infants (below 1 year) and 0.1 ml for children over 1 year of age.
- Sorbitol
- Cmc
- Water
- Alcohol
Explanation: sorbitol is also known as glucitol is a sugar alcohol. It imparts elasticity to the soft gelatin capsules.
- Filtration
- Condensation
- Maceration
- Distillation
Explanation: Aromatic waters are saturated solution of volatile oil and aromatic substances in distilled water, it is highly therapeutic distillates.
- Tuberculosis
- Typhoid
- AIDS
- Rabbies
Explanation: Elisa test is used for AIDS diagnosis. This test is used to determine to know antibodies related to certain infection conditions.
- Marasmus
- Obesity
- Diabetes
- Cancer
Explanation: Marasmus is aform of severe malnutrition characterised by energy deficiency. Its occurance increases prior to age 1.
- Ethesterone
- Progesterone
- Depomedroxy progesterone acetate
- none of these
Explanation: it is used for depot injection in the form of aquous suspension.
- Malaria
- Filariasis
- cholera
- Typhoid
Explanation: Hetrazan is inhibitor of arachidonic acid metabolism in filarial microfilaria, hence used for the treatment of filariasis.
- Conjuctival xerosis
- Night blindness
- Keratomalacia
- Rickets
Explanation: Night blindness is condition making difficult to see in low light.
- Linoleic acid
- Linolenic acid
- Arachidonic acid
- Stearic acid
Explanation: Linoleic acid is most essential fatty acid, polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid.
- Isoprenaline
- Dopamine
- Coramine
- Adrenaline
Explanation: Anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death. Adrenaline is a neurotransmitter and a hormone which is a drug of choice for anaphylactic shock.
- Rabbies
- AIDS
- Amoebiasis
- Tuberculosis
Explanation: Hydrophobia is fear of drinking fluids ( is a symptom of rabbies ) because of painful spasm when trying to swallow.
- Hypothallamus
- Medulla
- Pitutary
- Thyroid
Explanation: The hypothalamus is the center for homeostasis and controls the things like hunger, thirst, and maintaining body temperature.
- Salivary glands
- Liver
- beta-cells of islets of langerhans
- Pancrease
- A
- B
- Both A nd B
- None of these
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 9
Explanation: These regions are called the cervical spine, thoracic spine, lumbar spine, sacrum and coccyx. There are seven cervical vertebrae, twelve thoracic vertebrae and five lumbar vertebrae
- Inosine
- Thiamine
- Pentothenic acid
- Pyridoxine
Explanation: pentothenic acid also called Vitamin B5.
- Hepatitis
- Rickets
- Heart attack
- Alcoholism
- Large intestine
- small intestine
- Kidney
- Liver
Explanation: Fats are digested using enzyme lipase throughout the small intestine. The product of this reaction are glycerol and 3 fatty acids.
- Propranolol
- lovastatin
- Captopril
- Allopurinol
Explanation: Lovastatin is a hypolipidemic agent.
- Antacid
- Electrolyte replenisher
- Preservative
- Astringent
Explanation: Calcium gluconate(10%) is used as electrolyte replenisher in hypocalcemia.
- Clean, dry white bottle
- Lead free white bottle
- Amber coloured white bottle
- Neutral glass bottle
Explanation: Silver nitrate ( AgNO3 ) should be protected from light, hence should be stored in amber coloured bottles.
- Thyroid gland
- Kidney
- Blood vessels
- Gastro intestinal tract
Explanation: Barium sulphate is used as a radio-contrast media for x-ray imaging of GI tract.
- Olive oil
- Castor oil
- Arachis oil
- Linseed oil
Explanation: castor oil is fixed oil, used as laxatives.
- Vtamin A
- vitamin A and vitamin D
- Vitamin A and E
- Vitamin E
- Asafoetida
- Turmeric
- Jalap
- All of these
Explanation: In turmeric the active compound curcumin have wide range of biological effects like antiinflamatory, antitumor, anti-microbial.
- Podophillum emodi
- Ipomoea hederacea
- Curcuma longa
- None of these
Explanation: podophyllum is highly poisonous, used in treatment of cancer.
- Vasodilation
- Analgesia
- Skeletal muscle contraction
- cough suppression
Explanation: Codien is a methoxy morphine, used in cough.
- Senna
- Aloe
- Cascara
- All of these
- Agar
- Isphagula
- Ipecac
- Ginseng
Explanation: ipecac (rhizomes and roots of Rubiacea faimily ) has emetic, exxpectorant and diaphoretic properties.
- Black mustard
- White mustard
- Thevatia
- Black mustard and white mustard both
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