In this Practice test, we will be providing you with a set of questions that will be very beneficial to you in the preparation for your reasoning part in competitive exams such as SSCs, Railways, UPSC, DSSSB, Gate, and many other exams.
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Direction: (For Q. No. 1 ) - answer according to the following information-
A duck named Donald Duck says "all ducks always lie."
A duck named Donald Duck says "all ducks always lie."
Q.1.
Based on the information above, which one of the following statements can be logically inferred with certainty?
- Donald duck always lie.
- Donald Duck always tells the truth.
- Donald Duck's statement is True.
- Donald Duck's statement is False.
Answer:
(d) Donald Duck's statement is False.
Explanation: If Donald Duck's statement is true, then he is also lying which contradicts the statement. So, Donald Duck's statement is wrong.
Explanation: If Donald Duck's statement is true, then he is also lying which contradicts the statement. So, Donald Duck's statement is wrong.
Direction: (For Q. No. 2) -
Four Girls P, Q, R, and S are studying languages at a University.
P is learning French and Dutch.
Q is learning Chinese and Japanese.
R is learning Spanish and French.
S is learning Dutch and Japanese.
Given that:
# French is easier than Dutch;
# Chinese is harder than Japanese;
# Dutch is easier than Japanese, and
# Spanish is easier than French.
Four Girls P, Q, R, and S are studying languages at a University.
P is learning French and Dutch.
Q is learning Chinese and Japanese.
R is learning Spanish and French.
S is learning Dutch and Japanese.
Given that:
# French is easier than Dutch;
# Chinese is harder than Japanese;
# Dutch is easier than Japanese, and
# Spanish is easier than French.
Q.2.
Based on the above information, which girl is learning the most difficult pair of languages?
- P
- Q
- R
- S
Answer:
(b) Q
Explanation: From the given data, the languages in descending order of difficulty are given below, Chinese>Japanese>Dutch>French>Spanish Since girl Q is studying Chinese and Japanese, Hence Q is learning the most difficult pair of languages.
Explanation: From the given data, the languages in descending order of difficulty are given below, Chinese>Japanese>Dutch>French>Spanish Since girl Q is studying Chinese and Japanese, Hence Q is learning the most difficult pair of languages.
Direction: (For Q.No. 3)
In a Class of five Students P, Q, R, S, and T, only one student is known to have copied in the exam. The disciplinary committee has investigated the situation and recorded the statements from the students as given below-
Statement of P: R has copied in the exam.
Statement of Q: S has copied in the exam.
Statement of R: P did not copy in the exam.
Statement of S: Only one of us is telling the truth.
Statement of T: R is telling the truth,
The investigating team had authentic information that S never lies.
In a Class of five Students P, Q, R, S, and T, only one student is known to have copied in the exam. The disciplinary committee has investigated the situation and recorded the statements from the students as given below-
Statement of P: R has copied in the exam.
Statement of Q: S has copied in the exam.
Statement of R: P did not copy in the exam.
Statement of S: Only one of us is telling the truth.
Statement of T: R is telling the truth,
The investigating team had authentic information that S never lies.
Q.3.
Based on the information given above, the person who has copied in the exam is
- R
- P
- Q
- T
Answer:
(b) P
Explanation: It is given that S never lies and S is saying "Only one of us is telling the truth" implies all other statements of P, Q, R & T are not true. So we can say (i) R has not copied in the exam (ii) S has not copied in the exam. (iii) P did copy in the exam. (iv) R is not telling the truth
Explanation: It is given that S never lies and S is saying "Only one of us is telling the truth" implies all other statements of P, Q, R & T are not true. So we can say (i) R has not copied in the exam (ii) S has not copied in the exam. (iii) P did copy in the exam. (iv) R is not telling the truth
Q.4.
Statements: In a one-day cricket match, the total runs made by a team were 200. Out of these 160 runs were made by spinners.
Conclusions:
I. 80% of the team consists of spinners.
II. The opening batsmen were spinners.
Conclusions:
I. 80% of the team consists of spinners.
II. The opening batsmen were spinners.
- Only Conclusion I Follows
- Only Conclusion II Follows
- Either I or II Follows
- Neither I nor II Follows
Answer:
(d) Neither I nor II Follows
Explanation: According to the statement, 80% of the total runs were made by spinners. So, I do not follow. Nothing about the opening batsmen is mentioned in the statement. So, II also does not follow.
Explanation: According to the statement, 80% of the total runs were made by spinners. So, I do not follow. Nothing about the opening batsmen is mentioned in the statement. So, II also does not follow.
Q.5.
The school principal has received complaints from parents about bullying in the school yard during recess. He wants to investigate and end this situation as soon as possible, so he has asked the recess aides to watch closely. Which situation should the recess aides report to the principal?
- A girl is sitting glumly on a bench reading a book and not interacting with her peers.
- Two boys are playing a one-on-one game of basketball and are arguing over the last basket scored.
- Four girls are surrounding another girl and seem to have possession of her backpack.
- Three boys are huddled over a handheld video game, which isn't supposed to be on school grounds.
Answer:
(c) Four girls are surrounding another girl and seem to have possession of her backpack.
Explanation: Seeing four girls surrounding another girl, while in possession of her backpack, is the most suspicious of the incidents described
Explanation: Seeing four girls surrounding another girl, while in possession of her backpack, is the most suspicious of the incidents described
Direction: (For Q.No. 6) Read this -
Zachary has invited his three buddies over to watch the basketball game on his wide-screen television. They are all hungry, but no one wants to leave to get food. Just as they are arguing about who should make the food run, a commercial comes on for a local pizzeria that delivers. The phone number flashes on the screen briefly and they all try to remember it. By the time Zachary grabs a pen and paper, each of them recollects a different number.
#1. All of the men agree that the first three numbers are 995.
#2. Three of them agree that the fourth number is 9.
#3. Three agree that the fifth number is 2.
#4. Three agree that the sixth number is 6;
#5. Three others agree that the seventh number is also 6.
Zachary has invited his three buddies over to watch the basketball game on his wide-screen television. They are all hungry, but no one wants to leave to get food. Just as they are arguing about who should make the food run, a commercial comes on for a local pizzeria that delivers. The phone number flashes on the screen briefly and they all try to remember it. By the time Zachary grabs a pen and paper, each of them recollects a different number.
#1. All of the men agree that the first three numbers are 995.
#2. Three of them agree that the fourth number is 9.
#3. Three agree that the fifth number is 2.
#4. Three agree that the sixth number is 6;
#5. Three others agree that the seventh number is also 6.
Q.6.
Which of the numbers is most likely the telephone number of the pizzeria?
- 995-9266
- 995-9366
- 995-9256
- 995-9966
Answer:
(a) 995-9266
Explanation: # All of the men agree that the first three numbers are 995.
# Three of them agree that the fourth number is 9.
# Three agree that the fifth number is 2.
# Three agree that the sixth number is 6.
# Three others agree that the seventh number is also 6.
So "Option A" is the best choice because it is made up of the numbers that most of the men agree they saw.
Explanation: # All of the men agree that the first three numbers are 995.
# Three of them agree that the fourth number is 9.
# Three agree that the fifth number is 2.
# Three agree that the sixth number is 6.
# Three others agree that the seventh number is also 6.
So "Option A" is the best choice because it is made up of the numbers that most of the men agree they saw.
Q.7.
Look at this series: 7, 10, 8, 11, 9, 12, ... What number should come next?
- 7
- 10
- 12
- 13
Answer:
(b) 10
Explanation: This is a simple alternating addition and subtraction series. In the first pattern, 3 is added; in the second, 2 is subtracted.
Explanation: This is a simple alternating addition and subtraction series. In the first pattern, 3 is added; in the second, 2 is subtracted.
Q.8.
Look at this series: 36, 34, 30, 28, 24, ... What number should come next?
- 20
- 22
- 23
- 26
Answer:
(b) 22
Explanation: This is an alternating number subtraction series. First, 2 is subtracted, then 4, then 2, and so on.
Explanation: This is an alternating number subtraction series. First, 2 is subtracted, then 4, then 2, and so on.
Q.9.
Look at this series: 53, 53, 40, 40, 27, 27, ... What number should come next?
- 12
- 14
- 27
- 53
Answer:
(b) 14
Explanation: In this series, each number is repeated, then 13 is subtracted to arrive at the next number.
Explanation: In this series, each number is repeated, then 13 is subtracted to arrive at the next number.
Q.10.
Look at this series: 58, 52, 46, 40, 34, ... What number should come next?
- 26
- 28
- 30
- 32
Answer:
(b) 28
Explanation: This is a simple subtraction series. Each number is 6 less than the previous number.
Explanation: This is a simple subtraction series. Each number is 6 less than the previous number.
Q.11.
Which word does NOT belong with the others?
- inch
- ounce
- centimeter
- yard
Answer:
(b) ounce
Explanation: An ounce measures weight; the other choices measure length.
Explanation: An ounce measures weight; the other choices measure length.
Q.12.
Which word does NOT belong with the others?
- mayonnaise
- dill
- basil
- parsley
Answer:
(a) mayonnaise
Explanation: Parsley, basil, and dill are types of herbs. Mayonnaise is not an herb.
Explanation: Parsley, basil, and dill are types of herbs. Mayonnaise is not an herb.
Q.13.
Which word does NOT belong with the others?
- tulip
- rose
- bud
- daisy
Answer:
(c) bud
Explanation: Tulip, rose, and daisy are all types of flowers. A bud is not
Explanation: Tulip, rose, and daisy are all types of flowers. A bud is not
Q.14.
Which word does NOT belong with the others?
- rye
- sourdough
- pumpernickel
- loaf
Answer:
(a) rye
Explanation: Loaf, sourdough, and pumpernickel are types of bread. A rye is not a bread type. Loaf - Bread that is shaped and baked in one piece and usually sliced before being eaten. Pumpernickel - Dark, dense German bread made from coarsely ground whole-grain rye. Sourdough - Leaven for making bread, consisting of fermenting dough, typically that left over from a previous batch. Rye - A wheatlike cereal plant that tolerates poor soils and low temperatures.
Explanation: Loaf, sourdough, and pumpernickel are types of bread. A rye is not a bread type. Loaf - Bread that is shaped and baked in one piece and usually sliced before being eaten. Pumpernickel - Dark, dense German bread made from coarsely ground whole-grain rye. Sourdough - Leaven for making bread, consisting of fermenting dough, typically that left over from a previous batch. Rye - A wheatlike cereal plant that tolerates poor soils and low temperatures.
Q.15.
Seven Cars P, Q, R, S, T, U, and V are parked in a row not necessarily in that order. The cars T and U should be parked next to each other. The cars T and U should be parked next to each other. The cars S and V also should parked next to each other, whereas P and Q cannot be parked next to each other. Q and S must be parked next to each other. R is parked to the immediate right of V. T is parked to the left of U.
Based on the above information, the only INCORRECT option given below is:
- There are two cars parked in between Q and V
- Q and R are not parked together.
- V is the only car parked in between S and R.
- Car P is parked at the extreme end
Answer:
(a) There are two cars parked in between Q and V
Explanation: From the given information, the following patterns can be written, (i) PTUQSVR (ii) TUQSVRP (iii) QSVRTUP (iv) QSVRPTU From the above pattern, it is clear that, only one car is parked between Q and V. So, option 'A' is correct.
Explanation: From the given information, the following patterns can be written, (i) PTUQSVR (ii) TUQSVRP (iii) QSVRTUP (iv) QSVRPTU From the above pattern, it is clear that, only one car is parked between Q and V. So, option 'A' is correct.
Direction: (for Q.No. 16)
One New York publisher has estimated that 50,000 to 60,000 people in the United States want an anthology that includes the complete works of William Shakespeare. And what accounts for this renewed interest in Shakespeare? As scholars point out, his psychological insights into both male and female characters are amazing even today.
One New York publisher has estimated that 50,000 to 60,000 people in the United States want an anthology that includes the complete works of William Shakespeare. And what accounts for this renewed interest in Shakespeare? As scholars point out, his psychological insights into both male and female characters are amazing even today.
Q.16.
This paragraph best supports the statement that
- Shakespeare's characters are more interesting than fictional characters today.
- people even today are interested in Shakespeare's work because of the characters
- Shakespeare was a psychiatrist as well as a playwright.
- New Yorkers have a renewed interested in the work of Shakespeare.
Answer:
(b) people even today are interested in Shakespeare's work because of the characters
Explanation: The last sentence in the paragraph clearly gives support for the idea that the interest in Shakespeare is due to the development of his characters. Choice a is incorrect because the writer never makes this type of comparison. Choice c is wrong because even though scholars are mentioned in the paragraph, there is no indication that the scholars are compiling the anthology. Choice d is wrong because there is no support to show that most New Yorkers are interested in this work. There is no support for choice either.
Explanation: The last sentence in the paragraph clearly gives support for the idea that the interest in Shakespeare is due to the development of his characters. Choice a is incorrect because the writer never makes this type of comparison. Choice c is wrong because even though scholars are mentioned in the paragraph, there is no indication that the scholars are compiling the anthology. Choice d is wrong because there is no support to show that most New Yorkers are interested in this work. There is no support for choice either.
Direction: (for Q.No. 17)
Generation Xers are those people born roughly between 1965 and 1981. As employees, Generation Xers tend to be more challenged when they can carry out tasks independently. This makes Generation Xers the most entrepreneurial generation in history.
Generation Xers are those people born roughly between 1965 and 1981. As employees, Generation Xers tend to be more challenged when they can carry out tasks independently. This makes Generation Xers the most entrepreneurial generation in history.
Q.17.
This paragraph best supports the statement that Generation Xers
- work harder than people from other generations.
- have a tendency to be self-directed workers
- have an interest in making history
- tend to work in jobs that require risk-taking behavior.
Answer:
(b) have a tendency to be self-directed workers
Explanation: The support for choice b is given in the second sentence of the paragraph. Generation Xers like to work independently, which means they are self-directed. No support is given for either choice a or choice c. Choice d is not related to the paragraph.
Explanation: The support for choice b is given in the second sentence of the paragraph. Generation Xers like to work independently, which means they are self-directed. No support is given for either choice a or choice c. Choice d is not related to the paragraph.
Direction: (For Que no. 18 )
If you're a fitness walker, there is no need for a commute to a health club. Your neighborhood can be your health club. You don't need a lot of fancy equipment to get a good workout either. All you need is a well-designed pair of athletic shoes.
If you're a fitness walker, there is no need for a commute to a health club. Your neighborhood can be your health club. You don't need a lot of fancy equipment to get a good workout either. All you need is a well-designed pair of athletic shoes.
Q.18.
This paragraph best supports the statement that -
- fitness walking is a better form of exercise than weight lifting
- a membership in a health club is a poor investment.
- walking outdoors provides a better workout than walking indoors
- fitness walking is a convenient and valuable form of exercise
Answer:
(d) fitness walking is a convenient and valuable form of exercise
Explanation: By stating that fitness walking does not require a commute to a health club, the author stresses the convenience of this form of exercise. The paragraph also states that fitness walking will result in a good workout. Choice a is incorrect because no comparison to weight lifting is made. Choice b may seem like a logical answer, but the paragraph only refers to people who are fitness walkers, so for others, a health club might be a good investment. Choice c is not in the passage. Although choice e seems logical, the paragraph does not indicate that the wrong shoes will produce major injuries.
Explanation: By stating that fitness walking does not require a commute to a health club, the author stresses the convenience of this form of exercise. The paragraph also states that fitness walking will result in a good workout. Choice a is incorrect because no comparison to weight lifting is made. Choice b may seem like a logical answer, but the paragraph only refers to people who are fitness walkers, so for others, a health club might be a good investment. Choice c is not in the passage. Although choice e seems logical, the paragraph does not indicate that the wrong shoes will produce major injuries.
Direction: (for Q.No. 19)
In the past, consumers would rarely walk into an ice cream store and order low-fat ice cream. But that isn't the case today. An increasing health consciousness combined with a much bigger selection of tasty low-fat foods in all categories has made low-fat ice cream a very profitable item for ice cream store owners.
In the past, consumers would rarely walk into an ice cream store and order low-fat ice cream. But that isn't the case today. An increasing health consciousness combined with a much bigger selection of tasty low-fat foods in all categories has made low-fat ice cream a very profitable item for ice cream store owners.
Q.19.
This paragraph best supports the statement that
- low-fat ice cream produces more revenue than other low-fat foods.
- ice cream store owners would be better off carrying only low-fat ice cream
- ice cream store owners no longer think that low-fat ice cream is an unpopular item.
- low-fat ice cream is more popular than other kinds of ice cream.
Answer:
(c) ice cream store owners no longer think that low-fat ice cream is an unpopular item.
Explanation: This choice 'c' is supported as the best answer because the paragraph indicates that low-fat ice cream was once an unpopular item, but now, because consumers are more health conscious and because there is a wider array of tasty low-fat foods, low-fat ice cream is a profitable item for ice cream store owners. There is no indication that choices a, b, and d are true based on the information given.
Explanation: This choice 'c' is supported as the best answer because the paragraph indicates that low-fat ice cream was once an unpopular item, but now, because consumers are more health conscious and because there is a wider array of tasty low-fat foods, low-fat ice cream is a profitable item for ice cream store owners. There is no indication that choices a, b, and d are true based on the information given.
Q.20.
Four persons P, Q, R, and S are to be seated in a row, all facing the same direction, but not necessarily in the same order. P and R cannot sit adjacent to each other. S should be seated to the right of Q. The number of distinct seating arrangements possible is
- 2
- 4
- 6
- 8
Answer:
(c) 6
Explanation: Given, that P & R cannot sit adjacent to each other and S should be seated to the right side of Q. Hence, PQRS, PQSR, RQSP, RQPS, QPRS, QRSP To separate R & S, Q first and S at third place = 2 ways Q second and S at third place= 2 ways Q second and S at fourth place= 2 ways Total= 6 ways
Explanation: Given, that P & R cannot sit adjacent to each other and S should be seated to the right side of Q. Hence, PQRS, PQSR, RQSP, RQPS, QPRS, QRSP To separate R & S, Q first and S at third place = 2 ways Q second and S at third place= 2 ways Q second and S at fourth place= 2 ways Total= 6 ways
Q.21.
Five friends P, Q, R, S, and T went camping. At night, they had to sleep in a row inside the tent. P, Q, and T refused to sleep next to R since he snored loudly. P and S wanted to avoid Q as he usually hugged people in sleep.
Assuming everyone was satisfied with the sleeping arrangements, what is the order in which they slept?
- RSPTQ
- SPRTQ
- QRSPT
- QTSPR
Answer:
(a) RSPTQ
Explanation: As per the given information Condition 1: P, W & T refused to sleep next to R. By applying condition 1 only option (a) is satisfying, Condition 2: P and S avoid Q. Again option (a) satisfied condition 2 as well. The arrangement of sleeping is RSPTQ.
Explanation: As per the given information Condition 1: P, W & T refused to sleep next to R. By applying condition 1 only option (a) is satisfying, Condition 2: P and S avoid Q. Again option (a) satisfied condition 2 as well. The arrangement of sleeping is RSPTQ.
Q.22.
M and N had four children P, Q, R, and S. Of them, only P and R were married. They had children X and Y respetively. If Y is a legitimate child of W, which one of thr following statements is necessarily FALSE?
- M is the grandmother of Y
- R is the father of Y
- W is the wife of R
- W is the wife of P
Answer:
(d) W is the wife of P
Explanation: Since Y is the child of R & W. Therefore, W cannot be the wife of P. So, option D is false.
Explanation: Since Y is the child of R & W. Therefore, W cannot be the wife of P. So, option D is false.
Direction: (For Que. No. 23) Read this -
Under a certain legal system, prisoners are allowed to make one statement.
#1. If their statements turn out to be true then they are hanged.
#2. If the statement turns out to be false then they are shot.
One prisoner made a statement and the judge had no option but to set him free.
Under a certain legal system, prisoners are allowed to make one statement.
#1. If their statements turn out to be true then they are hanged.
#2. If the statement turns out to be false then they are shot.
One prisoner made a statement and the judge had no option but to set him free.
Q.23.
Which one of the following could be that statement?
- I did not commit the crime
- I committed the crime
- I will be shot
- You committed the crime
Answer:
(c) I will be shot
Explanation: If the prisoner gave the statement "I will be shot" then considering it to be true, the person should be hanged which is contradictory, and considering it to be false, the person should be shot which is again contradictory. So , the judge set him free.
Explanation: If the prisoner gave the statement "I will be shot" then considering it to be true, the person should be hanged which is contradictory, and considering it to be false, the person should be shot which is again contradictory. So , the judge set him free.
Direction: (for Q.No. 24) - Five different books (P, Q, R, S, T) are to be arranged on a shelf. The books R and S are to be arranged first and second, respectively from the right side of the shelf.
Q.24.
The number of different orders in which P, Q and T may be arranged is_________.
- 2
- 6
- 12
- 120
Answer:
(b) 6
Explanation: Out of (P, Q, R, S, T), S and R are fixed at first & second places from right, so the remaining P, Q, T can be arranged as 3P3 = 3!=6ways
Explanation: Out of (P, Q, R, S, T), S and R are fixed at first & second places from right, so the remaining P, Q, T can be arranged as 3P3 = 3!=6ways
Q.25.
When he did not come home, she_________ lying dead on the roadside somewhere.
- concluded
- looked
- notice
- pictured
Answer:
(d) pictured
Explanation: Concluded- Arrive at a judgement or opinion by reasoning. Looked- Think of or regard in a specified way Notice- The fact of observing or paying attention to something. Pictured- Form a mental image of someone or something.
Explanation: Concluded- Arrive at a judgement or opinion by reasoning. Looked- Think of or regard in a specified way Notice- The fact of observing or paying attention to something. Pictured- Form a mental image of someone or something.
Q.26.
Find the missing group of letters in the following series:
BC, FGH, LMNO,______
- UVXWY
- TUVWX
- STUVW
- RSTUV
Answer:
(b) TUVWX
Explanation: In the series, before BC, one alphabet(A) is missing, before FGH, two alphabets (D & E) are missing. before LMNO, four alphabets will be missing so next term of the series starts with T and will have five alphabets in that term, so it will be TUVWX
Explanation: In the series, before BC, one alphabet(A) is missing, before FGH, two alphabets (D & E) are missing. before LMNO, four alphabets will be missing so next term of the series starts with T and will have five alphabets in that term, so it will be TUVWX
Q.27.
SCD, TEF, UGH, ____, WKL
- CMN
- UJI
- VIJ
- IJT
Answer:
(c) VIJ
Explanation: There are two alphabetical series here. The first series is with the first letters only: STUVW. The second series involves the remaining letters: CD, EF, GH, IJ, KL.
Explanation: There are two alphabetical series here. The first series is with the first letters only: STUVW. The second series involves the remaining letters: CD, EF, GH, IJ, KL.
Q.28.
FAG, GAF, HAI, IAH, ____
- JAK
- HAL
- HAK
- JAI
Answer:
(a) JAK
Explanation: The middle letters are static, so concentrate on the first and third letters. The series involves an alphabetical order with a reversal of the letters. The first letters are in alphabetical order: F, G, H, I , J. The second and fourth segments are reversals of the first and third segments. The missing segment begins with a new letter.
Explanation: The middle letters are static, so concentrate on the first and third letters. The series involves an alphabetical order with a reversal of the letters. The first letters are in alphabetical order: F, G, H, I , J. The second and fourth segments are reversals of the first and third segments. The missing segment begins with a new letter.
Q.29.
The odometer is to mileage as the compass is to
- speed
- hiking
- needle
- direction
Answer:
(d) direction
Explanation: An odometer is an instrument used to measure mileage. A compass is an instrument used to determine direction. Choices a, b, and c are incorrect because none is an instrument.
Explanation: An odometer is an instrument used to measure mileage. A compass is an instrument used to determine direction. Choices a, b, and c are incorrect because none is an instrument.
Q.30.
Marathon is to race as hibernation is to
- winter
- bear
- dream
- sleep
Answer:
(d) sleep
Explanation: A marathon is a long race and hibernation is a lengthy period of sleep. The answer is not choice a or b because even though a bear and winter are related to hibernation, neither completes the analogy. (Choice c) is incorrect because sleep and dream are not synonymous.
Explanation: A marathon is a long race and hibernation is a lengthy period of sleep. The answer is not choice a or b because even though a bear and winter are related to hibernation, neither completes the analogy. (Choice c) is incorrect because sleep and dream are not synonymous.
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