Mitragynine
Medicinal Chemistry
Molecular Weight
398.5
Molecular Formula
C23H30N2O4
IUPAC Name
Methyl (E)-2-[(2S,3S,12bS)-3-ethyl-8-methoxy-1,2,3,4,6,7,12,12b-octahydroindolo[2,3-a]quinolizin-2-yl]-3-methoxyprop-2-enoate
Pharmacognosy
Biological Source
Mitragyna speciosa (Kratom)
Active Constituents
Mitragynine, 7-Hydroxymitragynine
Pharmacology & Synthesis
Mechanism of Action
Partial agonist at mu-opioid receptors; antagonist at kappa- and delta-opioid receptors.
Pharmacokinetics (ADME)
A: Well absorbed orally.
D: Crosses BBB.
M: Hepatic via CYP3A4 and CYP2D6.
E: Renal.
Pharmacodynamics
Produces dose-dependent effects: stimulant at low doses, analgesic/sedative at high doses.
Synthesis Pathway
Biosynthesized from tryptamine and secologanin.
Safety, Warnings & Interactions
Adverse Effects
Nausea, constipation, dependency, respiratory depression (rare).
Contraindications
Severe hepatic impairment.
Drug Interactions
CYP inhibitors, CNS depressants.
Pharmaceutics & Compendia
Dosage Forms
Leaves, Extracts, Powders