Aconitine
Medicinal Chemistry
Molecular Weight
645.74
Molecular Formula
C34H47NO11
IUPAC Name
(1alpha,3alpha,6alpha,14alpha,15alpha,16beta)-20-ethyl-3,13-dihydroxy-1,6,16-trimethoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)-15-oxoaconitan-14-yl benzoate
Pharmacognosy
Biological Source
Aconitum napellus
Active Constituents
Aconitine
Pharmacology & Synthesis
Mechanism of Action
Binds to voltage-sensitive sodium channels, delaying their inactivation and causing persistent activation.
Pharmacokinetics (ADME)
A: Rapidly absorbed.
D: Widely distributed.
M: Hepatic.
E: Renal.
Pharmacodynamics
Causes severe arrhythmias, numbness, and respiratory paralysis.
Synthesis Pathway
Complex polycyclic biosynthesis from geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate.
Safety, Warnings & Interactions
Adverse Effects
Numbness, tingling, severe arrhythmias, death.
Contraindications
Not used clinically due to high toxicity.
Drug Interactions
Other antiarrhythmics or sodium channel blockers.