Galantamine
Medicinal Chemistry
Molecular Weight
287.35
Molecular Formula
C17H21NO3
IUPAC Name
(4aS,6R,8aS)-4a,5,9,10,11,12-hexahydro-3-methoxy-11-methyl-6H-benzofuro[3a,3,2-ef][2]benzazepin-6-ol
Pharmacognosy
Biological Source
Galanthus caucasicus, Narcissus spp.
Active Constituents
Galantamine
Pharmacology & Synthesis
Mechanism of Action
Reversible, competitive acetylcholinesterase inhibitor; allosteric modulator of nicotinic receptors.
Pharmacokinetics (ADME)
A: Rapidly absorbed.
D: Low protein binding, crosses BBB.
M: Hepatic CYP2D6/CYP3A4.
E: Renal.
Pharmacodynamics
Enhances central cholinergic function, improving cognition in Alzheimer's disease.
Synthesis Pathway
Biosynthesized from tyrosine via norbelladine.
Safety, Warnings & Interactions
Adverse Effects
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bradycardia.
Contraindications
Severe renal or hepatic impairment, mechanical GI obstruction.
Drug Interactions
Anticholinergics (antagonism), bradycardic agents.
Pharmaceutics & Compendia
Dosage Forms
Tablets, ER Capsules, Oral solution
Official Compendia
BP, USP