Camptothecin
Medicinal Chemistry
Molecular Weight
348.35
Molecular Formula
C20H16N2O4
IUPAC Name
(S)-4-ethyl-4-hydroxy-1H-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,14-(4H,12H)-dione
Pharmacognosy
Biological Source
Camptotheca acuminata
Active Constituents
Camptothecin
Pharmacology & Synthesis
Mechanism of Action
Inhibits DNA topoisomerase I, causing double-strand breaks.
Pharmacokinetics (ADME)
A: Poor aqueous solubility.
D: Binds to albumin.
M: Lactone ring hydrolysis.
E: Renal and biliary.
Pharmacodynamics
Induces apoptosis in dividing cells.
Synthesis Pathway
Derived from strictosidine.
Safety, Warnings & Interactions
Adverse Effects
Severe diarrhea, myelosuppression.
Contraindications
Pregnancy, baseline marrow suppression.
Drug Interactions
Myelosuppressive agents.
Pharmaceutics & Compendia
Dosage Forms
(Derivatives used as Injections)
Official Compendia
USP