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Glossary of Microbiology

Here is the related vocabulary words/terms grouped in Microbiology.

Antigenic Drift

form of slight antigenic variation that occurs because of point mutations in the genes that encode surface proteins

Antigenic Shift

form of major antigenic variation that occurs because of gene reassortment

Antigenic Variation

changing of surface antigens (carbohydrates or proteins) such that they are no longer recognized by the host’s immune system

Antimetabolites

compounds that are competitive inhibitors for bacterial metabolic enzymes

chemical compounds, including naturally produced drugs, semisynthetic derivatives, and synthetic compounds, that target specific microbial structures and enzymes, killing specific microbes or inhibiting their growth

Antimicrobial Peptides (amps)

class of nonspecific, cell-derived chemical mediators with broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties

Antisense Rna

small noncoding RNA molecules that inhibit gene expression by binding to mRNA transcripts via complementary base pairing

Antisense Strand

transcription template strand of DNA; the strand that is transcribed for gene expression

Antiseptic

antimicrobial chemical that can be used safely on living tissue

Antiserum

serum obtained from an animal containing antibodies against a particular antigen that was artificially introduced to the animal

Apoenzyme

enzyme without its cofactor or coenzyme

Apoptosis

programmed and organized cell death without lysis of the cell

Arbovirus

any of a variety of viruses that are transmitted by arthropod vectors

Ascocarps

cup-shaped fruiting bodies of an ascomycete fungus

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