Domain: Pharmaceutics
Abrasive
- a substance or material capable of polishing or cleaning a hard surface by rubbing or grinding. (adjective)- showing little…
Anaerobe Jar
container devoid of oxygen used to grow obligate anaerobes
Coating
Technological process consisting of the application of a substance, which forms a layer (e.g, to protect the drug and/or the…
Compressed Tablet
A solid dosage form prepared to a desired shape, usually in large-scale production, by means of high pressure in a…
Cosolvent
Vehicle (often ethanol) used in combination to increase the solubility of drugs. Frequently, the solubil- ity of a drug in…
Cream
Semi-solid emulsion for external application. Oil-in-water emulsions are most useful as water-washable bases, whereas water-in-oil emulsions are emollient and cleansing
Critical Micelle Concentration (cmc)
Threshold detergent concentration at which micelle formation begins in the bulk phase. This means that all effective molecules are present…
Critical Moisture Content
A stage in the drying of solids, above which the drying rate (derived from the plot of the loss of…
Crossover Study
Type of comparative bioavailability study designed in such a way as to take into account differences in bioavailability arising from…
Crystalline
Term that describes a solid of regular shape and the presence of three-dimensional order on the level of atomic dimensions,…
Deflocculation
Reversal of coagulation or flocculation, i.e., the dispersion of aggregates to form a stable colloidal suspension or emulsion.
Delayed-release Dosage Form
Pharmaceutical preparation that releases the drug(s) at a time other than promptly after administration.
Deliquescence
Process that occurs when the vapor pressure of the saturated aqueous solution of a substance is less than the vapor…
Deliquescent
Substance that absorbs sufficient moisture from the atmosphere to dissolve itself.
Depot
Deposit of a drug in a body created by injection or by a similar mode of introduction to form a…
Dosage Form
Formulated preparation of molecules/drugs that are rarely if ever suitable for administration to patients without additives.
Dosage Regimen
Dose and dosing interval of a drug.
Drug
Biologically active substance, which when biodistributed in the body is expected to modify one or more of its functions.
Drug Delivery System
Sophisticated dosage form, which, by its construction, is able to modify/control the availability of the drug substance to the body…
Dusting Powder
Usually intended for external use.
Effervescent Tablet
Solid preparation that on contact with water breaks apart by the effect of gas (usually CO2) evolution, resulting commonly from…
Efflorescence
The drying of a salt solution when the vapour pressure of water in the saturated solution of a substance is…
Efflorescent
Substance that loses water to form a lower hydrate or becomes anhydrous spontaneously.
Elixir
Sweet (often colored) dilute alcohol-based, “hydroalcoholic”, liquid used in the compounding of drugs to be taken by mouth in order…
Elutriation
The process of separating the lighter particles of a powder from the heavier ones by means of an up- ward-directed…
Embedding
Technological process, which consists of mixing or inclusion of the therapeutic substance with an ex- cipient or their mixtures, typically…
Emulsion
Fluid colloidal dispersion system in which liquid droplets and/or liquid crystals are dispersed in a liquid.
Encapsulation
Process of enclosing a drug in a (micro or nano) particle (capsule, liposome, polymer).
Enemas
Solutions (aqueous or oily), emulsions, or suspensions for rectal administration of medicaments for cleansing, diagnostic, or therapeutic purposes
Enteric Coating
Used on tablets, granules, pellets, and capsules to make them resistant to gastric fluids but designed to disintegrate, disrupt, or…
Equilibrium Moisture Content (emc)
Final stage reached after drying of a solid, beyond the critical moisture content.
Eutectic Mixture
The mixture of two or more solid substances which liquefy due to its lower melting point than room temperature.
Fast-dissolving Tablet
A tablet formulation intended for a rapid release of its active agent.
Flocculation
Process of contact and adhesion whereby particles in dispersion form larger-size clusters.
Formulation
Summary of operations carried out to convert a pharmacologically active compound into a dosage form suitable for administration.
Gargle
Aqueous solution used for the prevention and treatment of mouth and throat infections.