Cymarin
Medicinal Chemistry
Molecular Weight
548.66
Molecular Formula
C30H44O9
IUPAC Name
Strophanthidin 3-O-beta-D-cymaropyranoside
Pharmacognosy
Biological Source
Apocynum cannabinum, Strophanthus kombe
Active Constituents
Cymarin
Pharmacology & Synthesis
Mechanism of Action
Potent inhibitor of the Na+/K+-ATPase pump in myocardial cells.
Pharmacokinetics (ADME)
A: Modest oral absorption.
D: High myocardial affinity.
M: Hepatic.
E: Renal.
Pharmacodynamics
Positive inotropic effect, decreases heart rate.
Synthesis Pathway
Biosynthesized via the steroidal pathway.
Safety, Warnings & Interactions
Adverse Effects
Arrhythmias, nausea, visual disturbances.
Contraindications
Ventricular fibrillation.
Drug Interactions
Diuretics (hypokalemia enhances toxicity).
Pharmaceutics & Compendia
Dosage Forms
Extracts