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Glycyrrhizin

Common Name: Glycyrrhizic acid Brands: Stronger Neo-Minophagen C

Medicinal Chemistry

Molecular Weight 822.94
Molecular Formula C42H62O16
IUPAC Name
(3beta,20beta)-20-carboxy-11-oxo-30-norolean-12-en-3-yl 2-O-beta-D-glucopyranuronosyl-alpha-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid

Pharmacognosy

Biological Source

Glycyrrhiza glabra (Liquorice)

Active Constituents

Glycyrrhizin

Pharmacology & Synthesis

Mechanism of Action

Inhibits the enzyme 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, preventing the breakdown of cortisol.

Pharmacokinetics (ADME)

A: Absorbed as glycyrrhetic acid after GI hydrolysis.
D: High protein binding.
M: Hepatic glucuronidation.
E: Biliary and renal.

Pharmacodynamics

Anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, causes pseudoaldosteronism (sodium retention, potassium loss).

Synthesis Pathway

Biosynthesized via the mevalonate/squalene pathway.

Safety, Warnings & Interactions

Adverse Effects

Hypertension, hypokalemia, edema, lethargy.

Contraindications

Hypertension, renal failure, hypokalemia, pregnancy.

Drug Interactions

K+-depleting diuretics, corticosteroids.

Pharmaceutics & Compendia

Dosage Forms Extracts, Syrups, Lozenges
Official Compendia IP, USP
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