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Cytokines largely produced by immune system cells that help coordinate efforts against invading pathogens
Microbiology Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. Cytokines largely produced by immune system cells that help coordinate efforts against invading pathogens
Ans → interleukins
Explanation →
This question is taken from the test/quiz post: Microbiology Important Questions (One Liners Set - 8) | Pharmacy - attemp/practice
More oneliners in - Microbiology Important Questions (One Liners Set - 8) | Pharmacy
Q. Name a group of common sexually transmitted viruses that may be associated with genital warts or with cervical cancer
Ans → human papillomavirus (HPV)
Explanation →
Q. Name adaptive immunity mediated by antibodies produced by B cells
Ans → humoral immunity
Explanation →
Q. Name the stage of replication during which various proteins bind to the origin of replication to begin the replication process
Ans → initiation of DNA replication
Explanation →
Q. Name the stage of transcription during which RNA polymerase binds to a promoter and transcription begins
Ans → initiation of transcription
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Q. Name a microorganism that has an optimum growth temperature close to the temperature of boiling water
Ans → hyperthermophile
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Q. Name the type of mutation involving the addition of one or more bases into a DNA sequence
Ans → insertion
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Q. Name the term that refers to a nonpolar molecule or portion of a molecule not capable of strong attraction to water molecules
Ans → hydrophobic
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Q. Name the antiviral drugs that block the activity of the HIV integrase responsible for recombination of a DNA copy of the viral genome into the host cell chromosome
Ans → integrase inhibitors
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Q. Name the molecule that slides between the stacked nitrogenous bases of the DNA double helix, potentially resulting in a frameshift mutation
Ans → intercalating agent
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Q. Name the term that refers to a polar molecule or portion of a molecule capable of strong attraction to water molecules
Ans → hydrophilic
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Q. The distortion of a light wave due to interaction with another wave
Ans → interference
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Q. Cytokines released by cells that have been infected with a virus; stimulate antiviral responses in nearby cells as well as the cells secreting the interferons
Ans → interferons
Explanation →
Q. The clones of cell produced by fusing a normal B cell with a myeloma cell that is capable of producing monoclonal antibodies indefinitely
Ans → hybridoma
Explanation →
Q. Cytokines largely produced by immune system cells that help coordinate efforts against invading pathogens
Ans → interleukins
Explanation →
Q. Name the enzyme produced by pathogens that degrades hyaluronic acid between adjacent cells in connective tissue
Ans → hyaluronidase
Explanation →
More one-liners in - Microbiology
Q. Dosage form, semi-solid, used for the administration of drugs via the rectal route, for systemic or local effect.
Ans →
Explanation →
Q. Class of antiprotozoan drugs long used for the treatment of malaria; interferes with heme detoxification
Ans → quinolines
Explanation →
Q. The tendency for a molecule to acquire electrons and become reduced
Ans → redox potential
Explanation →
Q. The enzyme that is regulated by feedback inhibition in heme synthesis is
Ans → δ -Aminolevulinate synthase
Explanation →
Q. A a variant of PCR involving the use of fluorescence to allow for the monitoring of the increase in double-stranded template during a PCR reaction as it occurs
Ans → real-time PCR
Explanation →
Q. Name hypothyroidism caused by an autoimmune disease affecting thyroid function
Ans → Hashimoto thyroiditis
Explanation →
Q. An inverse agonist is a ligand that by binding to a receptor reduces the fraction of receptors in an active conformation, thereby reducing basal activity.
Ans → Inverse Agonist
Explanation →
Q. The the sequencing of genomic fragments from microbial communities, allowing researchers to study genes from a collection of multiple species
Ans → metagenomics
Explanation →
Q. This refers to a cytokine signal released from a cell to a receptor on a nearby cell
Ans → paracrine function
Explanation →
Q. Fourth stage of disease, during which the number of pathogens present in the host decreases, along with signs and symptoms of disease
Ans → period of decline
Explanation →
Q. Sickling of RBC in sickle-cell anemia is due to polymerization of
Ans → Deoxyhemoglobin,
Explanation →
Q. Antibody that is a monomer when functioning as a receptor on surface of B cells but a pentamer when secreted in response to specific pathogens;
Ans → IgM
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Q. Lactose intolerance is caused by the deficiency of the enzyme
Ans → Lactase (β-galactosidase)
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Q. Having numerous flagella covering the entire surface of a bacterial cell is known as
Ans → peritrichous
Explanation →
Q. Name the amino acid that directly participates in the synthesis of heme
Ans → Glycine
Explanation →
Q. The regulatory enzyme in the pyrimidine biosynthesis in animals is
Ans → Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II
Explanation →
Q. Name the capillary bed in the nephron of the kidney that filters blood to form urine
Ans → glomerulus
Explanation →
Q. Name the antibody dimer primarily found in breast milk, mucus, saliva, and tears
Ans → IgA
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Q. A Characteristic of a powder rather than of individual particles given by the mass of powder occupying a known volume
Ans →
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Q. Name the stage of replication during which various proteins bind to the origin of replication to begin the replication process
Ans → initiation of DNA replication
Explanation →
Q. Name the five vitamins required by pyruvate dehydrogenase or -ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
Ans → Thiamine, riboflavin, lipoic acid, niacin, pantothenic acid,
Explanation →
Q. Name the class of antifungal drugs that inhibit ergosterol biosynthesis
Ans → imidazoles
Explanation →
Q. A substance that cannot be divded chemically into component substances.
Ans → element
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Q. Cholesterol synthesis is controlled by feedback inhibition of the enzyme
Ans → HMG CoA reductase
Explanation →
Q. A conformation in which substituents on two attached saturated carbon atoms overlap when viewed as a Newman projection.
Ans → eclipsed
Explanation →
Q. Name the class of antibacterials that inhibit cell wall synthesis by binding to peptidoglycan subunits and blocking their insertion into the cell wall backbone.
Ans → glycopeptides
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Q. The difference between plasma and serum is the presence or absence of
Ans → Fibrinogen
Explanation →
Q. A condition in which a disease caused by or acquired during a medical procedure
Ans → iatrogenic disease
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Q. An equimolar mixture of the two enantiomeric isomers of a compound.
Ans → racemic mixture
Explanation →