This post includes important one-liner questions from the chapter METABOLISM OF CARBOHYDRATES in Biochemistry. This post describes the chapter in short. important for pharmacy, nursing, science, and medical students.

1 〉 Name the five vitamins required by pyruvate dehydrogenase or -ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex

-- Thiamine, riboflavin, lipoic acid, niacin, pantothenic acid,

2 〉 Muscle glycogen does not directly contribute to blood glucose due to absence of the enyme

-- Absence of glucose 6-phosphatase

3 〉 Ascorbic acid is not synthesized in man due to lack of the enzyme

-- L-Gulonolactone oxidase

4 〉 The compound implicated in the development of cataract in diabetic patients is

-- Sorbitol

5 〉 Galactosemia is mostly due to the deficiency of the enzyme

-- Galactose 1-phosphate uridyltransferase

6 〉 The two amino acids that are never glucogenic are

-- Leucine and lysine

7 〉 Substrate level phosphorylation in citric acid cycle is catalysed by the enzyme

-- Succinate thiokinase

8 〉 The metabolic pathway concerned with the conversion of L-xylulose to D-xylulose is

-- Uronic acid pathway

9 〉 The name of the protein that has been identified to serve as a primer for glycogen synthesis is

-- Glycogenin

10 〉 The metabolite among the citric acid cycle intermediates performing a catalytic role

-- Oxaloacetate

11 〉 Which enzymes in glycolysis catalyses an irreversible reaction

-- Pyruvate kinase , Phosphofructokinase, Hexokinase

12 〉 Synthesis of 2, 3-bisphosphoglycerate occurs in the tissue namely.

-- Erythrocytes

13 〉 The hormone that lowers cAMP concentration in liver cells is

-- Insulin

14 〉 The number of ATP produced when a molecule of acetyl CoA is oxidized through citric acid cycle

-- 12

15 〉 The connecting link between HMP shunt and lipid synthesis is

-- NADPH

Biochemistry Important One Liners Questions On Biological Oxidation

This post includes important one-liners of Biological Oxidation chapter from Biochemistry. This post summarises the chapter in short.

1 〉 The relation between the change of free energy (G), enthalpy (H) and entropy (S) is expressed by the equation

-- ΔG = ΔH – TΔS (T = Absolute temperature)

2 〉 A negative sign of free energy indicates that the reaction is

-- Exergonic or spontaneous

3 〉 The bonds responsible for a majority of high-energy compounds are

-- Phosphoanhydride bonds

4 〉 The storage form of high-energy compound in invertebrates is

-- Phosphoarginine

5 〉 A more negative redox potential represents a greater tendency to lose

-- Electrons

6 〉 The electron transport chain is located in

-- Inner mitochondrial membrane

7 〉 The prosthetic group present in cytochromes

-- Heme (porphyrin with iron)

8 〉 The component of electron transport chain which can directly react with molecular oxygen

-- Cytochrome oxidase (cyt a + a3)

9 〉 The site of ETC inhibited by cyanide

-- Cytochrome a + a3

10 〉 Superoxide is converted to H2O2 by the enzyme

-- Superoxide dismutase

11 〉 Name the compound with the greatest standard free energy.

-- Phosphoenolpyruvate

12 〉 Which components of ETC possesses isoprenoid units

-- Coenzyme Q

13 〉 The P : O ratio for the oxidation of FADH2 is

-- 2

14 〉 Inner mitochondrial membrane is impermeable to

-- OH– K+ H+

15 〉 ATP synthase activity is associated with the mitochondrial enzyme complex

-- V

Biochemistry Important One Liners Questions On HEMOGLOBIN AND PORPHYRINS

This post includes important one-liner questions on HEMOGLOBIN AND PORPHYRINS from the subject of Biochemistry. This post summarises the chapter in short.

1 〉 The total number of amino acids present in adult hemoglobin

-- 574

2 〉 The oxidation of ferrous (Fe2+) iron to ferric (Fe3+) iron in hemoglobin results in the formation of a compound namely

-- Methemoglobin

3 〉 The enzyme that catalyses the formation of carbonic acid

-- Carbonic anhydrase

4 〉 Name the compound that is increased in RBC of anemic patients to facilitate the supply of O2 to the tissues

-- 2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate

5 〉 Sickling of RBC in sickle-cell anemia is due to polymerization of

-- Deoxyhemoglobin,

6 〉 The disorders characterized by decreased synthesis or total absence of globin chains of hemoglobin are collectively known as

-- Thalassemias

7 〉 The intermediate of citric acid cycle that is involved in heme synthesis

-- Succinyl CoA

8 〉 The enzyme defect in acute intermittent porphyria

-- Uroporphyrinogen synthase I

9 〉 The enzyme that is regulated by feedback inhibition in heme synthesis is

-- δ -Aminolevulinate synthase

10 〉 The product formed when heme oxygenase cleaves heme

-- Biliverdin

11 〉 The characteristic red colour of hemoglobin is due to

-- Heme

12 〉 The number of heme groups present in myoglobin

-- 1

13 〉 The patients of sickle-cell anemia are resistant to

-- Malaria

14 〉 The compound that facilitates the release of O2 from oxyhemoglobin

-- C1– , H+ , 2, 3-BPG

15 〉 Name the amino acid that directly participates in the synthesis of heme

-- Glycine

Biochemistry Important One Liners Questions On Nucleic Acids and Nucleotides

This post includes important one-liner questions from the chapter Nucleic acids and Nucleotides . this summarises the chapter in short.

1 〉 The fundamental unit of genetic information is known as

-- Gene

2 〉 DNA controls protein synthesis through the mediation of

-- RNA

3 〉 Nucleic acids are the polymers of

-- Nucleotides

4 〉 The pyrimidine present in DNA but absent in RNA

-- Thymine

5 〉 Ribose and deoxyribose differ in their structure around carbon atom

-- 2

6 〉 Nucleotide is composed of

-- Base + sugar + phosphate

7 〉 The scientist who observed that there exists a relationship between the contents of purines and pyrimidines in DNA structure

-- Erwin Chargaff

8 〉 The base pair G-C is more stable and stronger than A-T due to

-- 3 Hydrogen bonds

9 〉 Under physiological condition, the DNA structure is predominantly in the form

-- β-Form

10 〉 The acceptor arm of tRNA contains a capped nucleotide sequence

-- CCA

11 〉 The nitrogenous base not present in DNA structure

-- Uracil

12 〉 The number of base pairs present in each turn (pitch) of B-form of DNA helix

-- 10

13 〉 The backbone of nucleic acid structure is constructed by

-- Phosphodiester bridges

14 〉 Name a coenzyme which is a nucleotide

-- FAD , NAD+ , CoASH

15 〉 The nucleotide that serves as an intermediate for biosynthetic reaction

-- UDP-glucose , CDP- acylglycerol , S Adenosylmethionine

Biochemistry Important One Liners Questions On PLASMA PROTEINS

This post includes important one-liners questions from the chapter PLASMA PROTEINS of biochemistry. This post describes the chapter in short.

1 〉 The difference between plasma and serum is the presence or absence of

-- Fibrinogen

2 〉 The most commonly employed technique for separation of plasma proteins

-- Electrophoresis

3 〉 Haptoglobin binds and prevents the excretion of the compound

-- Hemoglobin

4 〉 The cells responsible for the production of immunoglobulins

-- B-Lymphocytes

5 〉 The immunoglobulin that can cross the placenta and transfer the mother’s immunity to the developing fetus

-- IgG

6 〉 The immunoglobulins that can bind with mast cells and release histamine

-- IgE

7 〉 Bence-Jones proteins are precipitated when urine is heated to

-- 40–50°C

8 〉 The major component of acute phase proteins used for the evaluation of acute phase response

-- C-reactive protein

9 〉 The extrinsic and intrinsic pathways result in the formation of a common activated factor

-- Staurt factor

10 〉 The factor mostly responsible for the lysis of blood clot

-- Plasmin

11 〉 Hemophilia A is due to the deficiency of clotting factor

-- VIII

12 〉 Plasma albumin performs the following functions

-- Osmotic, Transport , Nutritive

13 〉 The immunoglobulin present in most abundant quantity

-- IgG

14 〉 Name the immunoglobulin involved in body allergic reactions

-- IgE

15 〉 The following anticoagulant binds with Ca2+ and prevents blood clotting

-- Oxalate

Biochemistry Important One Liners Questions On digestion and absorption

This post includes important one-liners from the chapter on digestion and absorption from biochemistry. This post summarises the chapter in short.

1 〉 Cellulose is not digested in humans due to lack of the enzyme that hydrolyses

-- β-Glycosidic bonds

2 〉 The most important carbohydrate associated with flatulence caused by ingestion of leguminous seeds

-- Raffinose

3 〉 Lactose intolerance is caused by the deficiency of the enzyme

-- Lactase (β-galactosidase)

4 〉 The non-digested carbohydrates are collectively called

-- Fiber

5 〉 Gastric HCl is secreted by

-- Parietal (oxyntic) cells

6 〉 Name of the peptide believed to be involved in the transport of amino acids

-- Glutathione

7 〉 The disease characterized by impairment in the absorption of neutral amino acids

-- Hartnup’s disease

8 〉 Trypsin hydrolyses peptide bonds, the carbonyl group of which is contributed by the amino acids

-- Arginine and lysine

9 〉 The inhibition of the enzyme pancreatic lipase by bile salts is overcome by a protein, namely

-- Colipase

10 〉 The vehicles for the transport of lipids from the intestinal lumen to the membrane of mucosal cells

-- Mixed micelles

11 〉 The key enzyme that converts trypsinogen to trypsin is

-- Na+

12 〉 Transport of glucose from the lumen to the intestinal mucosal cells is coupled with diffusion of

-- Enteropeptidase

13 〉 The products obtained by the action of pancreatic lipase on triacylglycerols are

-- 2-Acylglycerol and free fatty acids

14 〉 The lipoproteins synthesized in the intestinal mucosal cells from the absorbed lipids are

-- Chylomicrons

15 〉 Salivary -amylase becomes inactive in the stomach primarily due to

-- Inactivation by low pH

Biochemistry Important One Liners Questions On Proteins and amino acids

This post includes important one liner Questions on the chapter Proteins and Amino acids from Biochemistry to summarise the chapter in short.

1 〉 The average nitrogen content of proteins

-- 16%

2 〉 Proteins are the polymers of

-- L-α-Amino acids

3 〉 Name the sulfur containing essential amino acid

-- Methionine

4 〉 The charged molecule which is electrically neutral is known as

-- Zwitterion

5 〉 The non – amino acid present in coenzyme A

-- β-Alanine

6 〉 The bonds forming the backbone of protein structure

-- Peptide bonds

7 〉 The amino acid that is completely destroyed by acid hydrolysis of protein

-- Tryptophan

8 〉 The number of peptide bonds present in a decapeptide

-- 9

9 〉 The chemical name of Sanger’s reagent

-- 1-Fluro 2,4-dinitrobenzene

10 〉 The phenomenon of disorganization of native protein structure is known as

-- Denaturation

11 〉 The amino acid found in protein structure

-- Proline

12 〉 A non-protein amino acid

-- Histamine

13 〉 The bonds in protein structure that are not broken on denaturation.

-- Peptide bonds

14 〉 Sequenator is an automatic machine to determine amino acid sequence in a polypeptide chain. The reagent used in sequenator is

-- Edman’s reagent

15 〉 The reaction given by two or more peptide linkages is

-- Biuret test

Biochemistry Important One Liners Questions On enzymes

This post includes important one liners from chapter Enzymes from biochemistry. This post summarizes the chapter in short.

1 〉 The literal meaning of enzyme is

-- In yeast

2 〉 The class of enzymes involved in synthetic reactions are

-- Ligases

3 〉 The non-protein part of holoenzyme

-- Coenzyme

4 〉 Enzymes lose the catalytic activity at temperature above 70C due to

-- Denaturation

5 〉 Examples of two enzymes containing zinc are

-- Alcohol dehydrogenase, carbonic anhydrase

6 〉 The place at which substrate binds with the enzyme

-- Active site

7 〉 The enzyme glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase requires the coenzyme

-- NADP+,

8 〉 The E.C. number for alcohol dehydrogenase is

-- E.C. 1.1.1.1

9 〉 Phsophofructokinase is allosterically activated by

-- AMP/ADP

10 〉 The very first enzyme elevated in serum in myocardial infarction

-- Creatine phosphokinase (CPK)

11 〉 Pepsin is an example for the class of enzymes namely

-- Hydrolases

12 〉 The coenzyme not involved in hydrogen transfer

-- FH4

13 〉 In the feedback regulation, the end product binds at

-- Allosteric site

14 〉 Glutamyl transpeptidase activity in serum is elevated in

-- Alcoholism

15 〉 In recent years, a non-protein compound has been identified to bring about catalysis in biological system. The name of the compound is

-- RNA