Pharmacology and Toxicology MCQs | Practice Test #1

Orciprenaline is also known as metaproterenol, is a bronchodilator.

Diazepam possesses anticonvulasant and skeletal muscle relaxant activity.

Paracetamol is metabolised in the liver (90-95%) and?excreted?in the urine mainly as the glucuronide and sulphate conjugates. less than 5% is excreted as unchanged paracetamol.

Ephinephrine is also known as adrenaline hormone and neurotransmitter. Cardiovascular action of epinephrine is mediated through β receptor.

Isoniazid is given in the treatment of TB. Also known as isonicotinylhydrazine. In Africans Metabolism of Isoniazid is slow due genetic variations.

Phenytoin is a hydantoin derivative, class 1B anti-arrythmic. It act on cell membrane by sodium channel blockade.

Isosorbide Dinitrate is used to prevent chest pain (angina attacks). It works by relaxing and widening blood vessels so blood can flow more easily to the heart. These tablets will not treat an angina attack that has already begun. They may be also used to control heart failure. generally taken as sublingual route (below the tongue) for quick absorption and action in emergency.

Methotrexate is used in cancer, autoimmune diseases and ectopic pregnancy.

Paromomycin is an antimicrobial used to treat a number of parasitic infections including amebiasis, giardiasis, leishmaniasis, and tapeworm infection. It is a first-line treatment for amebiasis or giardiasis during pregnancy. Otherwise it is generally a second line treatment option. It is used by mouth, applied to the skin, or by injection into a muscle.

Niclosamide is a tenacide in the antihelmintic family especially effective against cestodes.

Haymycin is a polyene antimycotic agent.

Amphotericin B id often used for treatment of systemic fungal nfections.

Stevens- Johnson syndrom affects the skin and mucus membrane and these is the common side effects of sulphonamides.

Cloxacillin used against staphylococci that produce β- lactamase.

Typhoid fever is also called pathogenic fever. Chloramphenicol is a second line agent in the treatment of tetracycline resistant cholera.

On decarboxylation, 5-HT gives 5-Hydroxtryptamine (serotonin).

Morphine is an opiod analgesic, it acts directly on the CNS.

Atorvastatin is primarily used for lowering blood cholesterol for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

Inchthamol is used for treating some skin disease including eczema and psoriasis.

Famciclovir is used for the treatment of various herpes virus infections, most commonly for herpes zoster.