Question 1 of 111
Q.1 Suganril is common brand name for:
- Phenylbutazone
- Piroxican
- Benorylate
- Indomethacin
Answer ✔ (b) Piroxican
Explanation: Piroxicam is used to relieve the symptoms of rheumatoid and osteoarthritis.
Question 2 of 111
Q.2 Which one of these is μ-opioid agonist?
- Pethidine
- Codeine
- Nalorphine
- None of these
Answer ✔ (a) Pethidine
Explanation: Pethidine is a phenyl piperidine that is also a strong agonist of μ-opioid receptor.
Question 3 of 111
Q.3 Levodopa is amino acid precursor of -
- Adrenaline
- Dopamine
- Norepinephrine
- All of these
Answer ✔ (d) All of these
Explanation: levo dopa is the amino acid precursor for dopamine and also for adrenaline and noradrenaline.
Question 4 of 111
Q.4 The most potent CNS stimulant among xanthine bases are-
- Theophylline
- Caffeine
- Theobromine
- All of these
Answer ✔ (b) Caffeine
Explanation: Caffeine is the most potent CNS stimulant.
Question 5 of 111
Q.5 Chlorpromazine is useful in the treatment of -
- Mental depression
- Schizophrenia
- Parkinsonism
- None of the above
Answer ✔ (b) Schizophrenia
Explanation: Chlorpromazine (CPZ) is a dopamine antagonist of the typical antipsychotic class of medications possessing additional anti-adrenergic, anti-serotonergic, anti-cholinergic, and anti-histaminergic properties used to treat schizophrenia.
Question 6 of 111
Q.6 Amlodepine Lowers blood pressure by-
- Inhibition of calcium influx
- Inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)
- Blocking norepinephrine reuptake
- All of the above
Answer ✔ (a) Inhibition of calcium influx
Explanation: Amlodepine is a long acting dihydropyridine type calcium channel blocker.
Question 7 of 111
Q.7 Cholestyramine is useful in the treatment of -
- Arrhythmia
- Hypertension
- Hyper lipoproteinemia
- Angina pectoris
Answer ✔ (c) Hyper lipoproteinemia
Explanation: Cholestyramine is a bile acid sequestrant.
Question 8 of 111
Q.8 Clofibrate mainly Lowers the -
- LDL
- VLDL
- HDL
- Chylomicrons
Answer ✔ (b) VLDL
Explanation: Clofibrate is used for controlling cholesterol and triglycerides levels. It changes VLDL to LDL.
Question 9 of 111
Q.9 Lovastatin is useful in -
- High blood pressure
- Arrhythmia
- Hyper lipoproteinemia
- Angina pectoris
Answer ✔ (c) Hyper lipoproteinemia
Explanation: Lovastatin is a naturally occurring Drug in food, which controls blood cholesterol level.
Question 10 of 111
Q.10 Oral anticoagulants act by antagonising the actions of -
- Calcium ion
- Prothrombin
- Vitamin K
- Fibrinogen
Answer ✔ (c) Vitamin K
Explanation: vitamin K is a fat soluble vitamin and is required for post translational modification.
Question 11 of 111
Q.11 Glucocorticoid are used in the treatment of :
- Inflammation
- Inflammation and allergy
- Skin infections
- Allergy
Answer ✔ (b) Inflammation and allergy
Explanation: Glucocorticoids are the part of the feedback mechanism in the immune system that turns immune activity (inflammation).
Question 12 of 111
Q.12 The sulphonamides are :
- Bactericidal in nature
- Bacteriostatic in nature
- Bactericidal only at high dose
- None of the above
Answer ✔ (b) Bacteriostatic in nature
Explanation: A Sulphonamide displaces bilirubin. It is competitive inhibitor of enzyme DHPS, cause inhibition of folate synthesis and cause bacteriostatic action.
Question 13 of 111
Q.13 Tetracycline act by -
- Inhibition of protein synthesis
- Interfering in cell wall synthesis
- Altering the permeability of cell membrane of organism
- All of the above
Answer ✔ (a) Inhibition of protein synthesis
Explanation: Tetracycline is a broad spectrum antibiotic which reduces the growth of bacteria by inhibiting the protein synthesis. it binds with the 30s subunit of microbial ribosomes, to inhibit protein synthesis.
Question 14 of 111
Q.14 Nystatin is principally effective in:
- Candidia albicans
- Blastomyces
- Cryptococcus histoplasma
- All of the above
Answer ✔ (a) Candidia albicans
Explanation: Nystatin is a polyene antifungal medication derived from streptomyces noursei.
Question 15 of 111
Q.15 Pyridoxine is administered with isoniazid to minimise the:
- Hepatotoxicity
- Neurotoxicity
- Nephrotoxicity
- Allergic reaction
Answer ✔ (c) Nephrotoxicity
Explanation: Pyridoxine is also called vitamin B6, assist in the balancing of sodium and potassium as well as promoting RBC.
Question 16 of 111
Q.16 Which one of these combination is used in Chloroquine resistance malaria?
- Trimethoprim + pyrimethamine
- Pyrimethamine + sulphadoxine
- Mefloquine + Primaquine
- None of the above
Answer ✔ (b) Pyrimethamine + sulphadoxine
Explanation: Sulphadoxine + Pyrimethamine (Fansidar) is a combination antimalarial containing the sulphonamide antibiotic sulphadoxine and the anti-protozoal pyrimethamine.
Question 17 of 111
Q.17 Which one of the enzyme is used in the treatment of cancer?
- L- asparginase
- Phosphodiesterase
- Xanthine Oxidase
- None of the above
Answer ✔ (a) L- asparginase
Explanation: L- asparginase catalyzes the hydrolysis of asparagines to aspartic acid.
Question 18 of 111
Q.18 Eserine acts by -
- Receptor mechanism
- Acting on cell membrane
- Drug-enzyme interactions
- None of the above
Answer ✔ (c) Drug-enzyme interactions
Explanation: Eserine is another term for physostigmine is a highly toxic parasympathomimetic alkaloid.
Question 19 of 111
Q.19 Desferrioxamine is a :
- Chelating agent
- Antimetabolite
- Enzyme inhibitor
- None of the above
Answer ✔ (a) Chelating agent
Explanation: Desferrioxamine is a bacterial siderophore produced by the actinobateria, Streptomyces pilosos.
Question 20 of 111
Q.20 Sodium valproate prevent the epileptic seizure by -
- Depressing the CNS
- Preventing influx of sodium
- Preventing influx of calcium
- None of the above
Answer ✔ (b) Preventing influx of sodium
Explanation: Sodium valproate used in epilepsy, Anorexia, and bipolar disorder.
Question 21 of 111
Q.21 Which one of these is used with hyoscine to induce Twilight sleep?
- Pentazocine
- Pethidine
- Diphenhydramine
- None of the above
Answer ✔ (b) Pethidine
Explanation: Hyoscine is also known as levo-duboisine, tropane alkaloid.
Question 22 of 111
Q.22 Ergot preparations are useful in migraine due to its-
- Oxytocic action
- Vasoconstriction action
- α -receptors blocking action
- None of the above
Answer ✔ (b) Vasoconstriction action
Question 23 of 111
Q.23 Which one of these is a major tranquilizer?
- Phenelzine
- Promethazine
- Trifluoperazine
- Hydroxyzine
Answer ✔ (c) Trifluoperazine
Explanation: trifluoperazine is a drug from phenothiazine chemical class is atypical antipsychotic drug.
Question 24 of 111
Q.24 Which one is a cholinomimetic agent?
- Atropine
- Salbutamol
- Tolbutamide
- Acetylcholine
Answer ✔ (d) Acetylcholine
Explanation: Acetylcholine mimics the action of the cholinergic system.
Question 25 of 111
Q.25 Testosterone is not orally active because?
- React with acid
- Degradation
- Reduction
- Rapid oxidation of 17-hydroxy group to ketones
Answer ✔ (d) Rapid oxidation of 17-hydroxy group to ketones
Explanation: Testosterone is an androgenic steroid hormone, responsible for male characteristics.
Question 26 of 111
Q.26 Which one of the following drug shows antiplatelet activity?
- Verapamil
- Nifedipine
- Warferin
- Dipyridamole
Answer ✔ (d) Dipyridamole
Explanation: Dipyridamole inhibits Thrombus formation.
Question 27 of 111
Q.27 Nociceptors are associated with:
- Chemical
- Pain
- Temperature
- Pressure
Answer ✔ (b) Pain
Explanation: A Nociceptor is a receptor of a sensory neuron (nerve cell) that responds to potentially damaging stimuli by sending signals to the spinal cord and brain. This process called nociception usually causes the perception of pain.
Question 28 of 111
Q.28 Drug that shows selective antagonistic selective H1 antagonistic action?
- Chlorpheniramine
- Cimetidine
- Ranitidine
- Thioperamide
Answer ✔ (a) Chlorpheniramine
Explanation: Chlorpheniramine is a first-generation alkylamine and anti-histamine for H1.
Cimetidine and ranitidine are H2 antagonists and inhibit stomach acid production.
Thioperamide is a selective H3 antagonist, and also capable of crossing the Blood-brain barrier.
Question 29 of 111
Q.29 Which one is the alkylating anticancer drug?
- Fluorouracil
- Vincristine
- Thiotepa
- Doxorubicin
Answer ✔ (c) Thiotepa
Explanation: Thiotepa is an organophosphorus compound, is an alkylating anticancer drug.
Question 30 of 111
Q.30 Which one is a HMGC A reductase inhibitor?
- Rhabdomylosis
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Rise in serum transaminase
Answer ✔ (a) Rhabdomylosis
Explanation: Rhabdomyolysis is a condition in which damaged skeletal muscle tissue breaks down rapidly.
Question 31 of 111
Q.1 The peptide bond in proteins is detected by
- Biuret test
- formaldehyde
- Million test
- water
Answer ✔ (a) Biuret test
Explanation: In the presence of peptides, a copper (ii) ion forms violet coloured complexes in alkali solutions.
Question 32 of 111
Q.2 Which is the smallest amino acid?
- Glycine
- Alanine
- Valine
- Phenylalanine
Answer ✔ (a) Glycine
Explanation: Glycine is the smallest amino acid with only 'H' as the residue.
Question 33 of 111
Q.3 Vitamin A is related to:
- β-ionone
- α-ionone
- δ-ionone
- ɣ-ionone
Answer ✔ (a) β-ionone
Explanation: Vitamin A is composed of β -ionone ring (cyclohexenyl) to which polyisoprenoid side chain is attached.
Question 34 of 111
Q.4 Vitamins that bind to Ca++ ATPase in intestinal cells is:
- Vitamin B1
- Vitamin B2
- Vitamin B6
- Vitamin D
Answer ✔ (d) Vitamin D
Explanation: Vitamin D is fat soluble responsible for enhancing intestinal absoption of calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Phosphate and zinc.
Question 35 of 111
Q.5 Regular use of isoniazid as antitubercular drug causes deficiency of:
- Vitamin B2
- vitamin B6
- Vitamin B12
- Vitamin B1
Answer ✔ (b) vitamin B6
Explanation: Isoniazid causes depletion of vitamin B6 (Pyridoxin).
Question 36 of 111
Q.6 Sakaguchi's test is specified to:
- Glycine
- Arginine
- Tryptophan
- Tyrosine
Answer ✔ (b) Arginine
Explanation: Sakaguch's test is used to detect the Arginine in proteins. The guanidine group in arginine reacts with sakaguch's reagent to form red coloured complex.
Question 37 of 111
Q.7 Which Enzyme is useful for the clinical diagnosis of acute pancreatitis?
- Lipase
- Amylase
- Creatinine phosphokinase
- Both A and B
Answer ✔ (d) Both A and B
Explanation: Acute pancreatitis is sudden swelling and inflammation of the pancreas. It is due to the billiary tract disease, heavy alcohol, idiopathic causes.
Question 38 of 111
Q.8 Which enzyme catalyse the linking of two compounds?
- Transferase
- Isomerase
- Ligase
- Lyases
Answer ✔ (c) Ligase
Explanation: Ligase is an enzyme that can catalyse the joining of two large molecules by forming a chemical bond.
Question 39 of 111
Q.9 Enzyme Reaction kinetics are governed by:
- Michaelis theory
- Menten theory
- Michaellis and Menten theory
- Noyes and Whitney theory
Answer ✔ (c) Michaellis and Menten theory
Explanation: Mechellis and Menten theory is one of the best models of enzyme kinetics. The models take the form of an equation describing the rate of enzymatic reaction , relating reaction rate, concentration of the substrate.
Question 40 of 111
Q.10 What is the source of carbon atoms in Cholesterol?
- Acetyl-CoA
- Lanosterol
- Squalene
- Mevalonic acid
Answer ✔ (a) Acetyl-CoA
Explanation: Acetyl-CoA is an important molecule in metabolism used in many biochemical reactions.
Question 41 of 111
Q.11 The Enzymes of HMP pathway are located in:
- Cytosol
- Adipose tissue
- Heart
- Intestine
Answer ✔ (a) Cytosol
Explanation: Cytosol is the liquid found inside cells. It is seprated into compartment by membranes. For example Mitochondrial matrix, seprates the mitochondrion into many compartments.
Question 42 of 111
Q.12 The citrate is converted into isocitrate via cis-aconitase by the enzyme:
- Cutrate synthase
- aconitase
- isocitrate dehydrogenate
- malate dehydrogenase
Answer ✔ (b) aconitase
Explanation: Aconitase is an enzyme that catalyse the sterio-specific isomerisation of citrate to isocitrate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle
Question 43 of 111
Q.13 In Glycolysis under anaerobic condition, there is a net gain of:
- 4 ATP
- 3 ATP
- 2 ATP
- 1 ATP
Answer ✔ (c) 2 ATP
Question 44 of 111
Q.14 Which is the major pathway/cycle for removal of amonia in brain?
- Glutamine pathway
- Kreb's Henseleit cycle
- Urea synthesis pathway
- None of these
Answer ✔ (a) Glutamine pathway
Question 45 of 111
Q.15 The disease albinism is related to:
- defect of tyrosine metabolism
- defect of phenylealanine metabolism
- defect related to melanin biosynthesis
- All of these
Answer ✔ (c) defect related to melanin biosynthesis
Explanation: Albinism is the rare group of genetic desorder that causes the skin, hair, eyes to have little or no colour.
Question 46 of 111
Q.16 Knoop's beta oxidation is related to:
- oxidation of fatty acids
- oxidation of acetyl Coenzyme
- oxidation of keto-bodies
- oxidation of uric acid
Answer ✔ (a) oxidation of fatty acids
Question 47 of 111
Q.17 The normal level of calcium in blood plasma is:
- 20-40 mg/ 100ml
- 30-40 mg/100 ml
- 9-11 mg/100 ml
- 100mg/100 ml
Answer ✔ (c) 9-11 mg/100 ml
Explanation: the calcium is present plasma of blood in concentration of 9 to 11mg per 100ml
Question 48 of 111
Q.18 Xanthine oxidase contains:
- Zinc
- Molybdenum
- cobalt
- magnesium
Answer ✔ (b) Molybdenum
Question 49 of 111
Q.19 Barfoed's reagent is a solution of:
- copper sulphate
- copper acetate in acetic acid
- cupric tartrate
- cupric nitrate
Answer ✔ (b) copper acetate in acetic acid
Explanation: Barfoed's reagent is used for detection of monosachrides in carbohydrate, based on the reaction of copper acetate to copper oxide.
RCH + 2Cu2+ + 2 H2O → RCOOH + 2Cu2O + NH+
Question 50 of 111
Q.20 The risk factor for atherosclerosis is related to:
- Chylomicron
- VLDL
- HDL
- VLDL and LDL
Answer ✔ (d) VLDL and LDL
Explanation: LDL diposits excess cholesterol in the walls of blood vessels, so it is also called bad cholesterol.
Question 51 of 111
Q.21 The precursor for Vitamin D is:
- Fatty acid
- Sterol
- Cholesterol
- Lipid
Answer ✔ (c) Cholesterol
Explanation: Several forms of vitamin D exists. The two major forms are vitamin D2 or ergocalciferol and vitamin D3 or Cholecalciferol.
Question 52 of 111
Q.22 Glutathione is:
- Dipeptide
- Tripeptide
- Cyclic peptide
- Polypeptide
Answer ✔ (b) Tripeptide
Explanation: Glutathione is an important anti-oxidant in plants, animals, fungi and some bacteria. It is a tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the carboxyl groups.
Question 53 of 111
Q.23 Bial's Reagent is a solution of:
- Alpha napthol in alcohol
- Phenol in 30% HCL
- Orcinol in 30% HCL
- Orcinol in 30% HCL + ferric chloride
Answer ✔ (d) Orcinol in 30% HCL + ferric chloride
Explanation: Bial's test is achemical test for the presence of pentose. It contains 0.4 g of orcinol, 200ml of conc. HCL and 0.5 m of 10% solution of ferric chloride.
Question 54 of 111
Q.24 Fluorosis is caused by the excess intake of:
- Copper
- Calcium
- Zinc
- Fluorine
Answer ✔ (d) Fluorine
Explanation: It is developemental disturbance in enamel caused by excessive exposure to high concentration of fluorine intake.
Question 55 of 111
Q.25 Mutarotation is:
- change in structure
- change in cyclic structure
- change in optical rotation
- none of above
Answer ✔ (c) change in optical rotation
Explanation: Mutarotation is the change in the optical rotation that occurs by epimerization. The optical rotation of the solution depends on the optical rotation of each anomer and their ratio in the solution.
Question 56 of 111
Q.1 Endocardium is the layer of
- kidney
- lung
- heart
- stomach
Answer ✔ (c) heart
Explanation: Endocardium is the innermost layer of tissue that lines the chambers of the heart
Question 57 of 111
Q.2 The reserve pacemaker is
- AV node
- SA node
- Bundle of his
- purkinje fibre
Answer ✔ (a) AV node
Explanation: When SA node fails to generate impulse then AV node becomes the pacemaker and generates impulse 40-60 impulse/min. hence AV node is called the reserve pacemaker of heart.
Question 58 of 111
Q.3 The peritonium is a
- Outer covering of elementary tract in abdomen
- outer covering of thorax
- inner covering of rectum
- None of Above
Answer ✔ (a) Outer covering of elementary tract in abdomen
Explanation: Peritoneum is the serous membrane that term the lining of the abdomen cavity
Question 59 of 111
Q.4 Parotids glands are present in
- Stomach
- mouth
- Pharynx
- Intestine
Answer ✔ (b) mouth
Explanation: Parotid gland is a major salivary gland in humans.
Question 60 of 111
Q.5 Succus entericus is related to
- Pancreatic Juice
- Intestinal juice
- Enzymes present in stomach
- None of these
Answer ✔ (b) Intestinal juice
Explanation: Succus entericus (intestinal juice) is secreted by mucous glands of intestine. It neutralizes hydrochloric acid coming from stomach.
Question 61 of 111
Q.6 Which one of these glands has both endocrine and exocrine function?
- Liver
- Pancreas
- Parotid gland
- Thyroid gland
Answer ✔ (b) Pancreas
Explanation: Exocrine secretion of Pancreas helps in digestion of food and the endocrine function are secretion of insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin.
Question 62 of 111
Q.7 C-shaped hyaline cartilages are present in
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Pharynx
- None of these
Answer ✔ (b) Trachea
Explanation: Cartilage ring in trachea needs to be C-shaped so that large mass of food can pass through oesophagous during swallowing and large mass of air pass through trachea.
Question 63 of 111
Q.8 Tonsils are present in
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Pancreas
- Liver
Answer ✔ (a) Pharynx
Explanation: The palatine tonsils and nasophareangeal tonsils are lymphoepithelial tissues near oropharynx and nasopharynx.
Question 64 of 111
Q.9 Accumulation of carbon dioxide gas in lungs is called
- Anoxia
- Asphyxia
- Anorexia
- None of the above
Answer ✔ (b) Asphyxia
Explanation: Asphyxia is a condition in which extreme decrease of oxigen in body accompanied by increase in CO2 that leads to death and loss of conciousness and loss of pulse.
Question 65 of 111
Q.10 The basic unit of kidney is
- Glmerulus
- Nephron
- Loop of henley
- None of these
Answer ✔ (b) Nephron
Explanation: Nephron is the basic structural and function unit of kidney.
Question 66 of 111
Q.11 Glucose reabsorption takes place mainly in:
- Distal convulated tubules
- Collecting duct
- Proximal convulated tubule
- Loop of henley
Answer ✔ (c) Proximal convulated tubule
Explanation: Reabsoption of glucose occurs in PCT (proximal convulated tubules) regardless of concentration gradient via secondary active transport. It is reabsorbed sodium transporter medium.
Question 67 of 111
Q.12 The Hormone concerned with the basic metabolic rate is
- Thyroxin
- Pratharmone
- Arenaline
- Calcitonin
Answer ✔ (a) Thyroxin
Explanation: Thyroxin increases basal metabolic rate. It increases body heat production by increasing oxygen consumption and rates of ATP production. It causes lipid and carbohydrate metabolism.
Question 68 of 111
Q.13 Melatonin is secreted by
- Thymus gland
- Adenophysis
- Pineal gland
- Adrenal gland
Answer ✔ (c) Pineal gland
Explanation: Melatonin is hormone secreted by pineal gland. It helps to regulate body circadian rhythm and other hormones in body as well.
Question 69 of 111
Q.14 Tetany is related to
- Hypoparathyroidism
- Hypocalcemia
- Both (a) and (b)
- None of above
Answer ✔ (b) Hypocalcemia
Explanation: Tetany is an involuntary contraction of muscles. It occurs due to Hypocalcemia.
Question 70 of 111
Q.15 The Upper jaw bone is
- Ethmoid
- Maxilla
- Mandible
- Hyoid
Answer ✔ (b) Maxilla
Explanation: The maxilla form the upper jaw and the major portion of the palate. The upper set of teeth are fixed in it.
Question 71 of 111
Q.16 The shoulder joint is a type of:
- Hinge Joint
- Ball and socket joint
- Pivot joint
- Gliding joint
Answer ✔ (b) Ball and socket joint
Explanation: Also known as humero-scapular joint. It is a type of Ball and socket joint (most flexible and movable joint).
Question 72 of 111
Q.17 Vestibule is present in
- External ear
- Internal ear
- Middle ear
- None of these
Answer ✔ (b) Internal ear
Explanation: Main function of vestibule is to provide balance.
Question 73 of 111
Q.18 Which cranial nerve is attached with the eye?
- 2nd
- 4th
- 6th
- 8th
Answer ✔ (a) 2nd
Explanation: 2nd nerve is also called optic nervewhich transmits visual information.
Question 74 of 111
Q.19 Ciliary body in the eye ball is the extension of:
- Sclera
- Choroid
- Retina
- cornea
Answer ✔ (b) Choroid
Explanation: It is a circumferential tissue composed of ciliary muscle and ciliary process.
Question 75 of 111
Q.20 Perkinson's disease is due to lesion in the:
- cerebellum
- basal ganglia
- cerebrum
- hypothalamus
Answer ✔ (b) basal ganglia
Explanation: Perkisan's disease is a degenerative disorder of CNS. Basal ganglia innervated by dopiminergic system are most seriously effected.
Question 76 of 111
Q.21 Hyoglosal cranial nerve is related with:
- Movement of tongue
- Movement of saliva
- Movement of layrynx
- None of the above
Answer ✔ (a) Movement of tongue
Explanation: The hyoglossal cranial nerve is 12th cranial nerve that innervates muscle of tounge.
Question 77 of 111
Q.22 The longest skeletal muscle is
- Biceps
- Quadriceps femoris
- supinator
- sartorius
Answer ✔ (d) sartorius
Explanation: Sartorius is the longest muscle in the human body which crosses both the hip and knee joints.
Question 78 of 111
Q.23 Which Tarsal bone forms the heel of the foot?
- Talus
- Calcaneous
- Navicular
- cuboid
Answer ✔ (b) Calcaneous
Explanation: Calcaneous forms the heel of the foot.
Question 79 of 111
Q.24 The lymph fluid is:
- Colourless
- Reddish
- Light brown
- Pinkish
Answer ✔ (a) Colourless
Explanation: Lymph fluid contains white blood cells. It is fluid that circulates throughout the lymphatic system.
Question 80 of 111
Q.25 What is autocrine?
- Local hormones
- Steroids
- Biogenic amines
- None of the above
Answer ✔ (a) Local hormones
Explanation: Autocrine is cell signelling process, molecules act on the same cell which produces them.
Question 81 of 111
Q.1 Proteins are precipitated by-
- water
- sodium hydroxide
- formaldehyde
- Trichloro acetic acid
Answer ✔ (d) Trichloro acetic acid
Explanation: Trichloro aetic acid is widely used in downstream processing of Biological products in order to ccentrate the protein and purify them from vaarious contaminants.
Question 82 of 111
Q.2 The major site of fat digestion is-
- Large intestine
- small intestine
- Kidney
- Liver
Answer ✔ (b) small intestine
Explanation: small intestine, is the major site of fat digestion. Small intestine is the part of GIT where digestionand absorption is takes place.
Question 83 of 111
Q.3 Ninhydrin oxidatively decarboxylates α-amino acids to-
- CO2
- H2O,CO2
- CO2,NH3
- NH3
Answer ✔ (c) CO2,NH3
Explanation: Oxydative decarboxylation reaction reaction is oxidation reaction in which a carboxylate group is removed forming CO2 and NH3.
Question 84 of 111
Q.4 one example of glycoside is-
- Cholesterol
- Sphingomyelin
- Lecithin
- Gangliosides
Answer ✔ (d) Gangliosides
Explanation: Gangliosides belongs to the glycosides. Ganglioside is a molecule composed of glycolipid with one or more sialic acid linked to sugar chain.
Question 85 of 111
Q.5 Malonate is a competitive inhibitor of-
- Succinate
- Fumerate
- Oxaloacetate
- Aspaartate
Answer ✔ (a) Succinate
Explanation: malonate is the competitive inhibitor of the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase. Malonate binds to the active site of the enzyme without reacting, and so competes with succinate, the usual substrate of the Enzyme.
Question 86 of 111
Q.6 Alkaline phosphate level is increases in which disease?
- Rickets
- Leukemia
- Cardial infection
- Pancreatic deficiency
Answer ✔ (a) Rickets
Explanation: Alkaline phosphate (ALP) is a hydrolase enzyme and responsible for removing phosphate groups from many types of molecules. Bone specific alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme is elevated as a result of increased osteoblastic activity. The highest total ALP values have been attributed to an increased bone isoenzyme level due to Paget disease or rickets/osteomalasia.
Question 87 of 111
Q.7 What are the chief storage sites for manganese in the body?
- Kidney
- Muscles
- Stomach
- Heart
Answer ✔ (a) Kidney
Explanation: Manganese (Mn++) is a trace mineral helps the body to convert protein and fat to energy. It also promotes normal bone growth, helps maintain healthy reproductive, nervous, and immune systems, and is involved in blood sugar regulation.In addition mangnese is involved in blood clotting and the formation of cartilage and lubricating fluid in the joints. Mangnese is predominantly stored in the bones, liver, Kidney, and pancreas.
Question 88 of 111
Q.8 Microcytic hypochromic anemia occurs due to deficiency of-
- Cu++
- CO2
- Zinc
- Iron
Answer ✔ (d) Iron
Explanation: In microcytic anemia the size of red blood cells decreases due to less hemoglobin. deficiency of Iron is the most common cause of microcytic anemia.
Question 89 of 111
Q.9 The first amino acid during protein synthesis is-
- Arginine
- leucine
- valine
- methionine
Answer ✔ (d) methionine
Explanation: Methionine is specified by the codon AUG, which is also known as the start codon. Consequently, methionine is the first amino acid to dock in the ribosome during the synthesis of proteins. Protein synthesis requires the translation of nucleotide sequence into amino acid sequences.
Question 90 of 111
Q.10 Milky type colour of urine is due to the presence of-
- Albumins
- haemoglobin
- Fatty acid
- Nephritis
Answer ✔ (c) Fatty acid
Explanation: milky urine can rarely be due to chyluria (lymph fluid resuting from a communication between the lymphatic system and the urinary tract. The preasence of fatty acids in urine results urinary tract infections. Cloudy or milky urine is a sign of a urinary tract infection, which may also cause a bad smell. Milky urine may also be caused by bacteria, crystals, fat, white or red blood cells, or mucus in the urine
Question 91 of 111
Q.11 FAD and FMN are coenzyme form of-
- Thiamine
- Riboflavin
- Ascorbic acid
- none of the above
Answer ✔ (b) Riboflavin
Explanation: Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is a cofactor that can carry one or two eletrons. It is a component of two major coenzymes FAD and FMN.
Question 92 of 111
Q.12 Which monosaccharide unit constitutes Milk Sugar?
- Galactose and glucose
- 2 galactose units
- 2 glucose units
- Fructose and galactose
Answer ✔ (a) Galactose and glucose
Explanation: Lactose is a disaccharide suger composed of galactose and glucose. 2.8% lactose is found in sugar and also called as milk sugar.
Question 93 of 111
Q.13 The sugars formed as a result of sucrose digestion are-
- Fructose and glucose
- maltose and glucose
- glucose and glucose
- galactose and glucose
Answer ✔ (a) Fructose and glucose
Explanation: Fructose is a simple monosaccharide, it bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide, sucrose. Frucrose and glucose have the same molecular formula but Fructose is a ketose sugar anf glucose is a aldose sugar.
Question 94 of 111
Q.14 The processing of blood clotting is initiated by-
- Prothrombin
- Fibrinogen
- Thrombin
- Thromboplastin
Answer ✔ (a) Prothrombin
Explanation: Prothrombin is used to determine the clotting tendency of blood in the measure of warfarin dosage, liver damage and vit K status.
Question 95 of 111
Q.15 Intracellular substance present in connective tissue is-
- Fatty in nature
- Muco polysaccharide
- Protein
- none of the above
Answer ✔ (b) Muco polysaccharide
Explanation: Heparin is present as intracellular sustance in connectice tissue is a mucopolysacchride. Orther polyscaharides associated with connective tissue are Hyluronic acid and chondriotin sulphuric acid.
Question 96 of 111
Q.16 Multiple forms of same enzymes are called-
- Coenzyme
- Apoenzymes
- Isoenzymes
- Haloenzymes
Answer ✔ (c) Isoenzymes
Explanation: Enzymes that are differ from amino acid sequence but catalyze the same chemical reaction are known as Isoenzymes.
Question 97 of 111
Q.17 Treatment of glycogen with iodine shows which colour?
- Violet
- Green
- Red
- Yellow
Answer ✔ (c) Red
Explanation: The colour depends on the 3D structure of the polysaccharide. Starch is coiled structure which turns blue with iodine solution, whereas glycogen which is a branched molecule turns red/brown with iodine solution.
Question 98 of 111
Q.18 Which alcohol is a constituent of flavin coenzyme?
- inositol
- xylitol
- Ribitol
- Mannitol
Answer ✔ (c) Ribitol
Explanation: Ribitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol formed by the reduction of ribose. It is naturally occuring from the plants and also contribute the structure of riboflavin and flavin mononuleotide.
Question 99 of 111
Q.19 In TCA, oxaloacetate is formed from-
- Fumarate
- L-ketoglutarate
- succinate
- Malate
Answer ✔ (d) Malate
Explanation: In TCA (tricarboxylic acid ) cycle in the presence of enzyme malate-dehydrogenase, malate is converted to oxaloacetate. Again oxaloacetate reacts with acetyle CoA and cycle continues. Total 30 ATPs fromed from TCA in each reaction of glycolysis (Glycolysis generates two molecules of Acetyle CoA).
Question 100 of 111
Q.20 Net ATPs formed in the β oxidation of palmitic acid?
- 100
- 30
- 50
- 129
Answer ✔ (d) 129
Explanation: Palmitic acid (16 + 1 carbons) is a fatty acid and it can form 8 acetyl CoA units. For this it must complete 7 cycles of β oxidation ( each cycle removes 2 carbon atoms from fatty acid chain in the form of acetyl CoA). Each cyce of beta oxidation generates 5 ATPs. Each TCA cycle generates 12 ATPs (from acetyl CoA).
Total 7 cycles of beta oxidation = 7 × 5 = 35 ATPs.
Total 8 cycles of TCA = 8 × 12 = 96 ATPs. total ATPs = 96 +35 = 131.
2 ATP molecues utiised in the β-oxidation. net molecules obtained from palmitic acid →129 ATPs.
Question 101 of 111
Q.21 Edman's reagent is chemically-
- Phenyl isothiocyanate
- Phenyl chloride
- Phenyl bromide
- Aniline
Answer ✔ (a) Phenyl isothiocyanate
Explanation: Phenylisothiocyanate (PITC) enables the sequential degradation of amino acid in a polypeptide chain.
Question 102 of 111
Q.22 The main ring structure is present in tryptophan is-
- Indole
- imidazole
- furan
- thiophane
Answer ✔ (a) Indole
Explanation: Tryptophan consists of Indole ring.
Question 103 of 111
Q.23 Double helix structure of DNA was proposed by-
- Lewis
- Chargaff's
- James Watson and crick
- Mandel
Answer ✔ (c) James Watson and crick
Question 104 of 111
Q.24 The smallest amino acid is-
- Alanine
- Glycine
- Valine
- Phenylalanine
Answer ✔ (b) Glycine
Explanation: Glycine is the smallest amino acid with only H as its residue.
Question 105 of 111
Q.25 Xanthine is converted to uric acid in the presence of enzyme-
- Xanthine oxidase
- xanthine reductase
- xanthine transferase
- xanthine isomerase
Answer ✔ (a) Xanthine oxidase
Explanation: by the action of xanthine oxidase enzyme, xanthine converted to uric acid.
Question 106 of 111
Q.26 Pantohenic acid is also known as-
- vitamin B1
- vitamin B5
- vitamin B2
- Vitamin B12
Answer ✔ (b) vitamin B5
Explanation: Pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) is a water soluble vitamin of B-complex class.
Question 107 of 111
Q.27 Cholesterol is one of the important factor in the synthesis of-
- Bile acids
- hormones
- vitamin D
- All of the above
Answer ✔ (d) All of the above
Explanation: Cholesterol is important for the biosynthesis of Bile acids, hormones, and vitamin D.
Question 108 of 111
Q.28 The cyclic fatty acid, Chaulmoogric acid is used in the treatment of-
- T.B.
- ulcers
- Leprosy
- Goiter
Answer ✔ (c) Leprosy
Explanation: Chalmoogric is a tree in acanthaceae family, the oil from its seeds have been widely used for the treatment of leprosy (a disease caused by bacteria) in the Indian and chinese traditional medicines.
Question 109 of 111
Q.29 Cynocobalamine is the metabolic effect of-
- Bacillus pumulis
- Streptomyces griseus
- Bacillus subtilis
- Bacillus sterothermophilus
Answer ✔ (b) Streptomyces griseus
Explanation: Streptomyces griseus is a species of bacteria. It is gram positive bacterium and was the source of industrial production of vitamin B12.
Question 110 of 111
Q.30 Menke's disease is related to-
- deficiency of sulphur
- deficiency of zinc
- defect in transport of copper
- defect in transport of zinc
Answer ✔ (c) defect in transport of copper
Explanation: Mnkel's disease (MNK) is also called copper transport disease, steely hair disease, kinky hair disease, is a disorder that affects copper level in the body, leading to copper deficiency. It is an x-linked recessive disorder, and is therefore considerably more common in males.
Question 111 of 111
Q.1 Name the largest skeletal-muscle of the human body?
- Biceps
- Quadriceps femoris
- Supinator
- Sartorius
Answer ✔ (d) Sartorius
Explanation: Sartorius is the longest muscle in the human body which crosses both the hip and knee joints
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