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An overall reaction in which an electrophile binds to a substrate with the expulsion of another electrophile is known as
Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. An overall reaction in which an electrophile binds to a substrate with the expulsion of another electrophile is known as
Ans → electrophilic substitution
Explanation →
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Q. A process in which a compound of one oxidation state changes to compounds two or more oxidation states
Ans → disproportionation
Explanation →
Q. The process whereby a molecule is split into simpler fragments which may be smaller molecules, atoms, free radicals or ions.
Ans → dissociation
Explanation →
Q. Some atoms can share two pairs of electrons to form a double bond (two covalent bonds).
Ans → double bond
Explanation →
Q. Intensely coloured compounds applied to a substrate. Colours are due to the absorption of light to give electronic transitions.
Ans → dyestuffs
Explanation →
Q. A conformation in which substituents on two attached saturated carbon atoms overlap when viewed as a Newman projection.
Ans → eclipsed
Explanation →
Q. The particular order in which electrons are arranged in an atom or molecule.
Ans → electronic configuration
Explanation →
Q. If an electron passes from one orbital to another an electronic transition occurs and there is the emission or absorption of energy corresponding to the difference in energy of the two orbitals known as
Ans → electronic transition
Explanation →
Q. An overall reaction in which an electrophile binds to a substrate with the expulsion of another electrophile is known as
Ans → electrophilic substitution
Explanation →
Q. A a substance which cannot be further subdivided by chemical methods.
Ans → element
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Q. A a pair of isomers which are related as mirror images of one another.
Ans → enantiomers
Explanation →
Q. A graph of the energy of a reaction against the progress of the reaction.
Ans → energy diagram
Explanation →
Q. A thermodynamic quantity which is a measure of the degree of disorder within any system.
Ans → entropy
Explanation →
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Q. A solution property that changes if the concentration of that solution changes.
Ans → colligative property
Explanation →
Q. Number that expresses the reduction in the numbers of a microorganism, brought about by a sterilizaion process.
Ans → inactivation factor (IF)
Explanation →
Q. Organic substances occurring naturally, which are basic, forming salts with acids. The basic group is usually an amino function.
Ans → alkaloid
Explanation →
Q. The process of separation of a racemate into its two enantiomers by means of some chiral agency.
Ans → resolution
Explanation →
Q. The percentage of yield that occurred versus the theoretical yield.
Ans → percent yield
Explanation →
Q. Emulsions in which the dispersed droplets are in the micron-size range.
Ans → microemulsions
Explanation →
Q. Science of preparation of drugs, dosage forms, and drug delivery systems taking into account the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug as well as its physical and chemical properties.
Ans → pharmaceutics
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Q. The high level of energy electrons can achieve as energy is added.
Ans → excited state
Explanation →
Q. Potentially damaging immune response against an antigen is called
Ans → hypersensitivity
Explanation →
Q. Molecules that contain groups with characteristically different properties, e.g., both hydrophilic and lipophilic (hydrophobic) properties.
Ans → amphiphilic
Explanation →
Q. For a substance, the time required for the amount of a drug or a substance in a biological system to be reduced to one-half of its value by biological processes when the rate of removal is approximately exponential.
Ans → biological half life
Explanation →
Q. The coenzyme directly concerned with the synthesis of biogenic amines
Ans → Pyridoxal phosphate
Explanation →
Q. Small sterile usually polymeric matrices, pellets, or particles for insertion or implanting into the body by surgical means or by injection to help achieve sustained release.
Ans → implants
Explanation →
Q. Name a dormant cell that survives in the death phase and is resistant to most antibiotics
Ans → persister
Explanation →
Q. When a complex is formed between a metal ion and an a ligand in solution, the equilibrium may be expressed by a constant which is related to the free energy change for the process
Ans → stability constant
Explanation →
Q. On a light microscope, the lenses closest to the specimen, typically located at the ends of turrets is called as
Ans → objective lenses
Explanation →
Q. Technological process consisting of the application of a substance, which forms a layer e.g, to protect the drug
Ans → coating
Explanation →
Q. the angle between groups attached on adjacent carbon atoms when viewed in a Newman projection.
Ans → dihedral angle
Explanation →
Q. The process of separating the lighter particles of a powder from the heavier ones by means of an up- ward-directed stream of fluid (gas or liquid).
Ans → elutriation
Explanation →
Q. A chemical formula where electrons are represented with dots. Covalent bonds are represented with a line connecting two atoms—the line represents two electrons.
Ans → Lewis Structure
Explanation →
Q. The enzyme defect in acute intermittent porphyria
Ans → Uroporphyrinogen synthase I
Explanation →
Q. Powder formulation in which individual doses of a powdered dosage form are separately wrapped
Ans → divided powder
Explanation →
Q. The determination of the potency of a physical, chemical or biological agent, by means of a biological indicator
Ans → Biological Assay
Explanation →
Q. The process whereby a molecule is split into simpler fragments which may be smaller molecules, atoms, free radicals or ions.
Ans → dissociation
Explanation →
Q. Name the type of mutation involving the addition of one or more bases into a DNA sequence
Ans → insertion
Explanation →
Q. the angle between groups attached on adjacent carbon atoms when viewed in a Newman projection.
Ans → dihedral angle
Explanation →
Q. An instrument that measures the degree of absorption (or emission) of electromagnetic radiation by a substance.
Ans → spectrophotometer
Explanation →
Q. a term which may be applied to any asymmetric object or molecule. The property of non-identity of an object with its mirror image
Ans → chirality
Explanation →
Q. A a term applied to the selective synthesis of one diastereomeric form of a compound resulting from the influence of an existing chiral centre adjacent to the developing asymmetric carbon atom.
Ans → asymmetric induction
Explanation →
Q. a solution of definite pH made up in such a way that the pH alters only gradually with the addition of an acid or a base.
Ans → buffer solution
Explanation →
Q. Name the five vitamins required by pyruvate dehydrogenase or -ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
Ans → Thiamine, riboflavin, lipoic acid, niacin, pantothenic acid,
Explanation →
Q. The stage of transcription during which RNA polymerase binds to a promoter and transcription begins
Ans → initiation of transcription
Explanation →