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A three-dimensional structure of folded fully functional proteins
Microbiology Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. A three-dimensional structure of folded fully functional proteins
Ans → native structure
Explanation →
This question is taken from the test/quiz post: Microbiology Important Questions ( One Liners )-12 Pharmacy - attemp/practice
More oneliners in - Microbiology Important Questions ( One Liners )-12 Pharmacy
Q. A type of inclusion containing volutin, a polymerized inorganic phosphate that appears red when stained with methylene blue
Ans → metachromatic granule
Explanation →
Q. A virus composed of a nucleic acid core, either DNA or RNA, surrounded by a capsid
Ans → naked virus
Explanation →
Q. The the sequencing of genomic fragments from microbial communities, allowing researchers to study genes from a collection of multiple species
Ans → metagenomics
Explanation →
Q. The science of studying a collection of mRNA molecules produced from microbial communities
Ans → metatranscriptomics
Explanation →
Q. The member of the quinolone family that functions by inhibiting the activity of DNA gyrase, blocking DNA replication
Ans → nalidixic acid
Explanation →
Q. An antibacterial and antiprotozoan drug of the nitroimidazole class that is activated in anaerobic target cell and introduces DNA strand breakage, thus interfering with DNA replication in target cells
Ans → metronidazole
Explanation →
Q. A part of the upper throat (pharynx) extending from the posterior nasal cavity; carries air inhaled through the nose
Ans → nasopharynx
Explanation →
Q. Glycoprotein expressed on the surface of all nucleated cells and involved in the presentation of normal “self” antigens and foreign antigens from intracellular pathogens
Ans → MHC I molecule
Explanation →
Q. A three-dimensional structure of folded fully functional proteins
Ans → native structure
Explanation →
Q. A glycoprotein expressed only on the surface of antigen-presenting cells and involved in the presentation of foreign antigens from pathogens ingested by phagocytosis
Ans → MHC II molecule
Explanation →
Q. A lymphoid cells that recognize and destroy abnormal target cells by inducing apoptosis
Ans → natural killer cells (NK cells)
Explanation →
Q. A simple spherical arrangement of amphipathic lipid molecules with nonpolar tails aggregated within the interior and polar heads forming the outer surface
Ans → micelle
Explanation →
Q. A a stain that produces colour around the structure of interest while not coloring the structure itself
Ans → negative stain
Explanation →
Q. An organism that requires oxygen at levels lower than atmospheric concentration
Ans → microaerophile
Explanation →
Q. A herpes infection of the newborn, generally caused by infection during birth
Ans → neonatal herpes
Explanation →
More one-liners in - Microbiology
Q. The name of the protein that has been identified to serve as a primer for glycogen synthesis is
Ans → Glycogenin
Explanation →
Q. Vaccine composed of whole pathogen cells or viruses that have been killed or inactivated through treatment with heat, radiation, or chemicals
Ans → inactivated vaccine
Explanation →
Q. An antibacterial and antiprotozoan drug of the nitroimidazole class that is activated in anaerobic target cell and introduces DNA strand breakage, thus interfering with DNA replication in target cells
Ans → metronidazole
Explanation →
Q. Small number of cells added to medium to start a culture is commonly called
Ans → inoculum
Explanation →
Q. Name the compound with the greatest standard free energy.
Ans → Phosphoenolpyruvate
Explanation →
Q. Outside the organism in a test tube or artificial environment is known as
Ans → in vitro
Explanation →
Q. Number that expresses the reduction in the numbers of a microorganism, brought about by a sterilizaion process.
Ans → inactivation factor (IF)
Explanation →
Q. A group that is used to protect a functional group from unwanted reactions. After application the protecting group can be removed to reveal the original functional group.
Ans → protecting group
Explanation →
Q. Adherence of particles into a larger mass due to moisture, static charge, or chemical or mechanical binding
Ans → agglomeration
Explanation →
Q. Name adaptive immunity mediated by antibodies produced by B cells
Ans → humoral immunity
Explanation →
Q. A herpes infection of the newborn, generally caused by infection during birth
Ans → neonatal herpes
Explanation →
Q. Muscular contractions of the gastrointestinal tract that propel ingested material through the stomach,
Ans → peristalsis
Explanation →
Q. Name the inflammation of the mouth and gums that is often caused by the HSV-1 virus
Ans → herpetic gingivostomatitis
Explanation →
Q. The mechanism for making ATP that uses the potential energy stored within an electrochemical gradient to add Pi to ADP
Ans → oxidative phosphorylation
Explanation →
Q. If an electron passes from one orbital to another an electronic transition occurs and there is the emission or absorption of energy corresponding to the difference in energy of the two orbitals known as
Ans → electronic transition
Explanation →
Q. Name the rule that states that atoms will lose, gain, or share electrons in order to achieve a filled valence shell, to complete their octet.
Ans → Octet Rule
Explanation →
Q. Name proteases released from a natural killer cell that enter the cytoplasm of a target cell, inducing apoptosis
Ans → granzymes
Explanation →
Q. A three-dimensional structure of folded fully functional proteins
Ans → native structure
Explanation →
Q. Name the class of T cells that is the central orchestrator of the cellular and humoral defenses of adaptive immunity and the cellular defenses of innate immunity
Ans → helper T cells
Explanation →
Q. The prefix sn used to represent glycerol, sn stands for
Ans → Stereospecific number
Explanation →
Q. Highly contagious and acute viral disease of the respiratory tract caused by the influenza virus
Ans → influenza
Explanation →
Q. Summary of operations carried out to convert a pharmacologically active compound into a dosage form suitable for administration.
Ans → formulation
Explanation →
Q. An animal that transfers a pathogen from one host to another or from a reservoir to a host without being infected by the pathogen itself
Ans → mechanical vector
Explanation →
Q. Consists of several different layers that are compressed on top of each other, to form a single tablet composed of two or more layers.
Ans → multilayer tablet
Explanation →
Q. Solutions (aqueous or oily), emulsions, or suspensions for rectal administration of medicaments for cleansing, diagnostic, or therapeutic purposes.
Ans → enemas
Explanation →
Q. The two final products in the -oxidation of odd chain fatty acids are
Ans → Acetyl CoA and propionyl CoA
Explanation →
Q. Name the enzyme that unwinds DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous base pairs, using ATP
Ans → helicase
Explanation →
Q. An infection of the external ear canal, most commonly caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa; often called swimmer’s ear
Ans → otitis externa
Explanation →
Q. Name a membrane-bound organelle (not part of the endomembrane system) that produces hydrogen peroxide to break down various types of molecules;
Ans → peroxisome
Explanation →
Q. The means of entry by a pathogen through skin or mucous membranes when these barriers are breached
Ans → parenteral route
Explanation →
Q. The isomerism associated with unsaturated fatty acids
Ans → Geometric isomerism (cis-trans isomerism)
Explanation →
Q. Name the stage of transcription during which RNA polymerase binds to a promoter and transcription begins
Ans → initiation of transcription
Explanation →