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An antibacterial and antiprotozoan drug of the nitroimidazole class that is activated in anaerobic target cell and introduces DNA strand breakage, thus interfering with DNA replication in target cells
Microbiology Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. An antibacterial and antiprotozoan drug of the nitroimidazole class that is activated in anaerobic target cell and introduces DNA strand breakage, thus interfering with DNA replication in target cells
Ans → metronidazole
Explanation →
This question is taken from the test/quiz post: Microbiology Important Questions ( One Liners )-12 Pharmacy - attemp/practice
More oneliners in - Microbiology Important Questions ( One Liners )-12 Pharmacy
Q. A type of inclusion containing volutin, a polymerized inorganic phosphate that appears red when stained with methylene blue
Ans → metachromatic granule
Explanation →
Q. A virus composed of a nucleic acid core, either DNA or RNA, surrounded by a capsid
Ans → naked virus
Explanation →
Q. The the sequencing of genomic fragments from microbial communities, allowing researchers to study genes from a collection of multiple species
Ans → metagenomics
Explanation →
Q. The science of studying a collection of mRNA molecules produced from microbial communities
Ans → metatranscriptomics
Explanation →
Q. The member of the quinolone family that functions by inhibiting the activity of DNA gyrase, blocking DNA replication
Ans → nalidixic acid
Explanation →
Q. An antibacterial and antiprotozoan drug of the nitroimidazole class that is activated in anaerobic target cell and introduces DNA strand breakage, thus interfering with DNA replication in target cells
Ans → metronidazole
Explanation →
Q. A part of the upper throat (pharynx) extending from the posterior nasal cavity; carries air inhaled through the nose
Ans → nasopharynx
Explanation →
Q. Glycoprotein expressed on the surface of all nucleated cells and involved in the presentation of normal “self” antigens and foreign antigens from intracellular pathogens
Ans → MHC I molecule
Explanation →
Q. A three-dimensional structure of folded fully functional proteins
Ans → native structure
Explanation →
Q. A glycoprotein expressed only on the surface of antigen-presenting cells and involved in the presentation of foreign antigens from pathogens ingested by phagocytosis
Ans → MHC II molecule
Explanation →
Q. A lymphoid cells that recognize and destroy abnormal target cells by inducing apoptosis
Ans → natural killer cells (NK cells)
Explanation →
Q. A simple spherical arrangement of amphipathic lipid molecules with nonpolar tails aggregated within the interior and polar heads forming the outer surface
Ans → micelle
Explanation →
Q. A a stain that produces colour around the structure of interest while not coloring the structure itself
Ans → negative stain
Explanation →
Q. An organism that requires oxygen at levels lower than atmospheric concentration
Ans → microaerophile
Explanation →
Q. A herpes infection of the newborn, generally caused by infection during birth
Ans → neonatal herpes
Explanation →
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Q. A drug that dulls the sense of pain. It differs from an anesthetic agent in that it relieves pain without loss of consciousness.
Ans → Analgesic
Explanation →
Q. The inorganic element found in the structure of majority of high-energy compounds
Ans → Phosphorus
Explanation →
Q. Ascorbic acid is not synthesized in man due to lack of the enzyme
Ans → L-Gulonolactone oxidase
Explanation →
Q. This refers to a cytokine signal released from a cell to a receptor on a nearby cell
Ans → paracrine function
Explanation →
Q. Process of enclosing a drug in a (micro or nano) particle (capsule, liposome, polymer).
Ans → encapsulation
Explanation →
Q. A bond where elections are equally shared between two atoms.
Ans → nonpolar covalent bond
Explanation →
Q. Larger nucleus in ciliate protists that have two nuclei; polyploid with a reduced genome of metabolic genes and derived from the micronucleus
Ans → macronucleus
Explanation →
Q. Name the organism that grows in the presence of high salt concentration but does not require it
Ans → halotolerant
Explanation →
Q. The representation of a compound by two or more canonical structures in which the valence electrons are rearranged to give structures of similar probability.
Ans → resonance
Explanation →
Q. When a complex molecule becomes broken apart to create two or more smaller ones.
Ans → decomposition
Explanation →
Q. Name the antiviral drugs that block the activity of the HIV integrase responsible for recombination of a DNA copy of the viral genome into the host cell chromosome
Ans → integrase inhibitors
Explanation →
Q. Non-fluid colloidal network or polymer network that is expanded throughout its whole volume by a fluid.
Ans → gel
Explanation →
Q. A compound released from a natural killer cell that creates pores in the target cell through which other toxins (particularly granzymes) can gain access to the cytoplasm
Ans → perforin
Explanation →
Q. A part of the upper throat (pharynx) extending from the posterior nasal cavity; carries air inhaled through the nose
Ans → nasopharynx
Explanation →
Q. The phospholipid that produces second messengers in hormonal action
Ans → Phosphatidylinositol
Explanation →
Q. Different crystalline form of a solvated compound that differ in the identity and/or the stoichiometry of the solvating molecule.
Ans → pseudopolymorph
Explanation →
Q. Formulation in which individual doses of a granulated dosage form are separated
Ans → divided granule
Explanation →
Q. Which are the essential fatty acids that need to be supplied in the diet.
Ans → PUFA
Explanation →
Q. Cytokines largely produced by immune system cells that help coordinate efforts against invading pathogens
Ans → interleukins
Explanation →
Q. A staining technique in which cells are fixed and holes dissolved in the membrane to allow passage of labeled antibodies to bind specific intracellular targets
Ans → immunocytochemistry (ICC)
Explanation →
Q. A hydrocarbon containing a carbonyl (C=O) adjacent to an ether (C-O-C) linkage.
Ans → Esters
Explanation →
Q. Muscular contractions of the gastrointestinal tract that propel ingested material through the stomach,
Ans → peristalsis
Explanation →
Q. Name the retrovirus responsible for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in humans
Ans → human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Explanation →
Q. Name the bacteria that have more than 50% guanine and cytosine nucleotides in their DNA
Ans → high G+C gram-positive bacteria
Explanation →
Q. The metabolite among the citric acid cycle intermediates performing a catalytic role
Ans → Oxaloacetate
Explanation →
Q. The total number of ATP produced by the oxidation of a molecule of palmitic acid is
Ans → 129 ATP,
Explanation →
Q. Name a differential staining technique that distinguishes bacteria based upon their cell wall structure
Ans → Gram stain procedure
Explanation →
Q. A host in which a parasite goes through some stages of its life cycle before migrating to the definitive host
Ans → intermediate host
Explanation →
Q. Name the class of exotoxin that targets and lyses red blood cells, as well as other cells
Ans → hemolysin
Explanation →
Q. Substance that acts as adhesives to bind together powders for making tablets (direct tableting) or granules (granulation) that are mainly used in tableting.
Ans → binder
Explanation →
Q. Powder particles, which have been aggregated to form larger irregular particles, usually of 0.5–2 mm diameter.
Ans → granules
Explanation →
Q. The shorter identical peptide chains of an antibody molecule (two per antibody monomer), composed of variable and constant region segments
Ans → light chains
Explanation →
Q. Virus, therapeutic serum, toxin, antitoxin, or analogous product applicable to the prevention, treatment, or cure of diseases or injuries in humans and/or animals.
Ans → biological product
Explanation →
Q. Substrate level phosphorylation in citric acid cycle is catalysed by the enzyme
Ans → Succinate thiokinase
Explanation →