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The science of studying a collection of mRNA molecules produced from microbial communities
Microbiology Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. The science of studying a collection of mRNA molecules produced from microbial communities
Ans → metatranscriptomics
Explanation →
This question is taken from the test/quiz post: Microbiology Important Questions ( One Liners )-12 Pharmacy - attemp/practice
More oneliners in - Microbiology Important Questions ( One Liners )-12 Pharmacy
Q. A type of inclusion containing volutin, a polymerized inorganic phosphate that appears red when stained with methylene blue
Ans → metachromatic granule
Explanation →
Q. A virus composed of a nucleic acid core, either DNA or RNA, surrounded by a capsid
Ans → naked virus
Explanation →
Q. The the sequencing of genomic fragments from microbial communities, allowing researchers to study genes from a collection of multiple species
Ans → metagenomics
Explanation →
Q. The science of studying a collection of mRNA molecules produced from microbial communities
Ans → metatranscriptomics
Explanation →
Q. The member of the quinolone family that functions by inhibiting the activity of DNA gyrase, blocking DNA replication
Ans → nalidixic acid
Explanation →
Q. An antibacterial and antiprotozoan drug of the nitroimidazole class that is activated in anaerobic target cell and introduces DNA strand breakage, thus interfering with DNA replication in target cells
Ans → metronidazole
Explanation →
Q. A part of the upper throat (pharynx) extending from the posterior nasal cavity; carries air inhaled through the nose
Ans → nasopharynx
Explanation →
Q. Glycoprotein expressed on the surface of all nucleated cells and involved in the presentation of normal “self” antigens and foreign antigens from intracellular pathogens
Ans → MHC I molecule
Explanation →
Q. A three-dimensional structure of folded fully functional proteins
Ans → native structure
Explanation →
Q. A glycoprotein expressed only on the surface of antigen-presenting cells and involved in the presentation of foreign antigens from pathogens ingested by phagocytosis
Ans → MHC II molecule
Explanation →
Q. A lymphoid cells that recognize and destroy abnormal target cells by inducing apoptosis
Ans → natural killer cells (NK cells)
Explanation →
Q. A simple spherical arrangement of amphipathic lipid molecules with nonpolar tails aggregated within the interior and polar heads forming the outer surface
Ans → micelle
Explanation →
Q. A a stain that produces colour around the structure of interest while not coloring the structure itself
Ans → negative stain
Explanation →
Q. An organism that requires oxygen at levels lower than atmospheric concentration
Ans → microaerophile
Explanation →
Q. A herpes infection of the newborn, generally caused by infection during birth
Ans → neonatal herpes
Explanation →
More one-liners in - Microbiology
Q. On a light microscope, the lenses closest to the specimen, typically located at the ends of turrets is called as
Ans → objective lenses
Explanation →
Q. The the sequencing of genomic fragments from microbial communities, allowing researchers to study genes from a collection of multiple species
Ans → metagenomics
Explanation →
Q. Name of the peptide believed to be involved in the transport of amino acids
Ans → Glutathione
Explanation →
Q. Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas
Ans → Isomer
Explanation →
Q. Name a toxin that affects cell membrane function by either forming pores or disrupting the phospholipid bilayer
Ans → membrane-disrupting toxin
Explanation →
Q. Cytokines released by cells that have been infected with a virus; stimulate antiviral responses in nearby cells as well as the cells secreting the interferons
Ans → interferons
Explanation →
Q. A host in which a parasite goes through some stages of its life cycle before migrating to the definitive host
Ans → intermediate host
Explanation →
Q. Examples of two enzymes containing zinc are
Ans → Alcohol dehydrogenase, carbonic anhydrase
Explanation →
Q. The disorders characterized by decreased synthesis or total absence of globin chains of hemoglobin are collectively known as
Ans → Thalassemias
Explanation →
Q. The mammalian enzyme with the shortest half-life (about 10 minutes) is
Ans → Ornithine decarboxylase
Explanation →
Q. Name the bacteria that have more than 50% guanine and cytosine nucleotides in their DNA
Ans → high G+C gram-positive bacteria
Explanation →
Q. The number of individuals with new infections of a particular disease in a given period of time is called
Ans → incidence
Explanation →
Q. The shorter identical peptide chains of an antibody molecule (two per antibody monomer), composed of variable and constant region segments
Ans → light chains
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Q. A compound possessing hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups in its structure is known as
Ans → Ampipathic
Explanation →
Q. Antibody that is a monomer when functioning as a receptor on surface of B cells but a pentamer when secreted in response to specific pathogens;
Ans → IgM
Explanation →
Q. Use of products containing genetic material (e.g., pDNA, antisense DNA, si RNA) to treat a disease or condition, or to modify or manipulate the expression of genetic material or to alter the biological properties of living cells.
Ans → gene therapy
Explanation →
Q. The the joining of two complementary single-stranded DNA molecules
Ans → hybridization
Explanation →
Q. Naturally produced protein synthesis inhibitor of the lincosamide class that binds to the 50S subunit, inhibiting peptide bond formation
Ans → lincomycin
Explanation →
Q. Name a microorganism that has an optimum growth temperature close to the temperature of boiling water
Ans → hyperthermophile
Explanation →
Q. The stage of transcription during which RNA polymerase binds to a promoter and transcription begins
Ans → initiation of transcription
Explanation →
Q. The the joining of two complementary single-stranded DNA molecules
Ans → hybridization
Explanation →
Q. Reactions in which an unsaturated system is saturated or part saturated by the addition of a molecule across the multiple bond.
Ans → addition reactions
Explanation →
Q. Transition of a solid crystalline phase to another phase having the same chemical composition but a dif- ferent crystal structure.
Ans → polymorphic transition
Explanation →
Q. Refers to a polar molecule or portion of a molecule capable of strong attraction to water molecules
Ans → hydrophilic
Explanation →
Q. Surfactant (or a mixture containing one or more surfactants) having cleaning properties in dilute solutions
Ans → detergent
Explanation →
Q. Name the hyperthyroidism caused by an autoimmune disease affecting thyroid function
Ans → Graves disease
Explanation →
Q. Solid substances that are not crystals. These solids consist of randomly oriented molecules. Solids without definite shape consist of randomly oriented molecules.
Ans → amorphous
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Q. An equimolar mixture of the two enantiomeric isomers of a compound.
Ans → racemic mixture
Explanation →
Q. Antibody monomer involved in defense against parasites and allergic reactions
Ans → IgE
Explanation →
Q. The power of a microscope (or lens) to produce an image that appears larger than the actual specimen, expressed as a factor of the actual size
Ans → magnification
Explanation →
Q. A simple spherical arrangement of amphipathic lipid molecules with nonpolar tails aggregated within the interior and polar heads forming the outer surface
Ans → micelle
Explanation →
Q. An individual capable of transmitting a pathogen to another individual without becoming infected
Ans → passive carrier
Explanation →
Q. A herpes infection of the newborn, generally caused by infection during birth
Ans → neonatal herpes
Explanation →
Q. Name the process producing a mixture of lactic acid, ethanol and/or acetic acid, and CO2 as fermentation products
Ans → heterolactic fermentation
Explanation →