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Lipid molecules with attached sugars that are found as components of gram-negative outer membranes
Microbiology Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. Lipid molecules with attached sugars that are found as components of gram-negative outer membranes
Ans → lipopolysaccharide
Explanation →
This question is taken from the test/quiz post: Microbiology Important Questions ( One Liners )-11 b.Pharmacy - attemp/practice
More oneliners in - Microbiology Important Questions ( One Liners )-11 b.Pharmacy
Q. Naturally produced protein synthesis inhibitor of the lincosamide class that binds to the 50S subunit, inhibiting peptide bond formation
Ans → lincomycin
Explanation →
Q. Antihelminthic drug of the benzimidazole class that binds to helminthic β-tubulin, preventing microtubule formation
Ans → mebendazole
Explanation →
Q. Name class of protein synthesis inhibitors that are similar to macrolides
Ans → lincosamides
Explanation →
Q. An animal that transfers a pathogen from one host to another or from a reservoir to a host without being infected by the pathogen itself
Ans → mechanical vector
Explanation →
Q. Lipid molecules with attached sugars that are found as components of gram-negative outer membranes
Ans → lipopolysaccharide
Explanation →
Q. A ring structure formed from complement proteins C6 through C9 that penetrates the membranes of a targeted cell, causing cell lysis and death
Ans → membrane attack complex (MAC)
Explanation →
Q. The interval of growth when cells divide exponentially; also known as the exponential growth phase
Ans → log phase
Explanation →
Q. A known volumes are vacuum filtered aseptically through a membrane with a pore size small enough to trap microorganisms, which are counted after growth on plates
Ans → membrane filtration technique
Explanation →
Q. Name the bean-shaped organs situated throughout the body that contain areas called germinal centers, which are rich in B and T lymphocytes
Ans → lymph nodes
Explanation →
Q. Name a toxin that affects cell membrane function by either forming pores or disrupting the phospholipid bilayer
Ans → membrane-disrupting toxin
Explanation →
Q. Name the process in which rapid freezing, followed by placement under a vacuum, of a material so that water is lost by sublimation, thereby inhibiting microbial growth
Ans → lyophilization
Explanation →
Q. An activated and differentiated B cell that is programmed to respond to secondary exposures to a specific antigen
Ans → memory B cell
Explanation →
Q. Name an organelle of the endomembrane system that contains digestive enzymes that break down engulfed material such as foodstuffs, infectious particles, or damaged cellular components
Ans → lysosome
Explanation →
Q. It is the ability of the specific adaptive immune system to quickly respond to pathogens to which it has previously been exposed
Ans → memory
Explanation →
Q. Name an inflammatory response that involves both the brain and the membranes that surround it
Ans → meningoencephalitis
Explanation →
More one-liners in - Microbiology
Q. What is the name of the eye infection caused by herpes simplex virus
Ans → herpes keratitis
Explanation →
Q. Name the term that refers to a polar molecule or portion of a molecule capable of strong attraction to water molecules
Ans → hydrophilic
Explanation →
Q. Sweet (often colored) dilute alcohol-based, “hydroalcoholic”, liquid used in the compounding of drugs to be taken by mouth in order to improve palatability.
Ans → elixir
Explanation →
Q. The isolation of an individual for the purpose of preventing the spread of disease
Ans → quarantine
Explanation →
Q. Name the stage of replication during which various proteins bind to the origin of replication to begin the replication process
Ans → initiation of DNA replication
Explanation →
Q. The inflammation of the gums that is more severe than gingivitis, spreading deeper into the tissues
Ans → periodontitis
Explanation →
Q. Name the prokaryotic cell cytoplasmic structures for storing specific nutrients and other resources needed by cells
Ans → inclusions
Explanation →
Q. A Substance that absorbs sufficient moisture from the atmosphere to dissolve itself.
Ans → deliquescent
Explanation →
Q. Name an inflammatory response that involves both the brain and the membranes that surround it
Ans → meningoencephalitis
Explanation →
Q. A compound released from a natural killer cell that creates pores in the target cell through which other toxins (particularly granzymes) can gain access to the cytoplasm
Ans → perforin
Explanation →
Q. Technique in which antibody or antigen can be concentrated by passing fluids through porous membranes, and target molecules are captured as they pass
Ans → immunofiltration
Explanation →
Q. Molecules that contain groups with characteristically different properties, e.g., both hydrophilic and lipophilic (hydrophobic) properties.
Ans → amphiphilic
Explanation →
Q. Vaccine composed of whole pathogen cells or viruses that have been killed or inactivated through treatment with heat, radiation, or chemicals
Ans → inactivated vaccine
Explanation →
Q. A drug that dulls the sense of pain. It differs from an anesthetic agent in that it relieves pain without loss of consciousness.
Ans → Analgesic
Explanation →
Q. Substance that acts as adhesives to bind together powders for making tablets (direct tableting) or granules (granulation) that are mainly used in tableting.
Ans → binder
Explanation →
Q. Summary of operations carried out to convert a pharmacologically active compound into a dosage form suitable for administration.
Ans → formulation
Explanation →
Q. The first stage of acute disease, during which the pathogen begins multiplying in the host and signs and symptoms are not observable
Ans → incubation period
Explanation →
Q. Name the organism that uses fixed organic carbon compounds as its carbon source
Ans → heterotroph
Explanation →
Q. A three-dimensional structure of folded fully functional proteins
Ans → native structure
Explanation →
Q. A lymphoid cells that recognize and destroy abnormal target cells by inducing apoptosis
Ans → natural killer cells (NK cells)
Explanation →
Q. The network of neurons that connects the CNS with organs, sensory organs, and muscles throughout the body
Ans → peripheral nervous system
Explanation →
Q. The percent of dose entering the systemic circulation after administration of a given dosage form.
Ans → Bioavailability
Explanation →
Q. Name a group of common sexually transmitted viruses that may be associated with genital warts or with cervical cancer
Ans → human papillomavirus (HPV)
Explanation →
Q. Name the stage of transcription during which RNA polymerase binds to a promoter and transcription begins
Ans → initiation of transcription
Explanation →
Q. The space between the cell wall and the plasma membrane, primarily in gram-negative bacteria
Ans → periplasmic space
Explanation →
Q. An interval before exponential growth of a microbial population during which cells adjust to a new environment
Ans → lag phase
Explanation →
Q. The distortion of a light wave due to interaction with another wave
Ans → interference
Explanation →
Q. The term given to organic molecules which contain no multiple bonds.
Ans → saturated
Explanation →
Q. Plasma albumin performs the following functions
Ans → Osmotic, Transport , Nutritive
Explanation →
Q. Name the class of T cells that is the central orchestrator of the cellular and humoral defenses of adaptive immunity and the cellular defenses of innate immunity
Ans → helper T cells
Explanation →
Q. A very strong attraction between two or more atoms that are sharing their electrons.
Ans → Covalent Bond
Explanation →
Q. The amino acid that contributes to the synthesis of more than half of the pyrimidine ring
Ans → Aspartate
Explanation →