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Lipid molecules with attached sugars that are found as components of gram-negative outer membranes
Microbiology Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. Lipid molecules with attached sugars that are found as components of gram-negative outer membranes
Ans → lipopolysaccharide
Explanation →
This question is taken from the test/quiz post: Microbiology Important Questions ( One Liners )-11 b.Pharmacy - attemp/practice
More oneliners in - Microbiology Important Questions ( One Liners )-11 b.Pharmacy
Q. Naturally produced protein synthesis inhibitor of the lincosamide class that binds to the 50S subunit, inhibiting peptide bond formation
Ans → lincomycin
Explanation →
Q. Antihelminthic drug of the benzimidazole class that binds to helminthic β-tubulin, preventing microtubule formation
Ans → mebendazole
Explanation →
Q. Name class of protein synthesis inhibitors that are similar to macrolides
Ans → lincosamides
Explanation →
Q. An animal that transfers a pathogen from one host to another or from a reservoir to a host without being infected by the pathogen itself
Ans → mechanical vector
Explanation →
Q. Lipid molecules with attached sugars that are found as components of gram-negative outer membranes
Ans → lipopolysaccharide
Explanation →
Q. A ring structure formed from complement proteins C6 through C9 that penetrates the membranes of a targeted cell, causing cell lysis and death
Ans → membrane attack complex (MAC)
Explanation →
Q. The interval of growth when cells divide exponentially; also known as the exponential growth phase
Ans → log phase
Explanation →
Q. A known volumes are vacuum filtered aseptically through a membrane with a pore size small enough to trap microorganisms, which are counted after growth on plates
Ans → membrane filtration technique
Explanation →
Q. Name the bean-shaped organs situated throughout the body that contain areas called germinal centers, which are rich in B and T lymphocytes
Ans → lymph nodes
Explanation →
Q. Name a toxin that affects cell membrane function by either forming pores or disrupting the phospholipid bilayer
Ans → membrane-disrupting toxin
Explanation →
Q. Name the process in which rapid freezing, followed by placement under a vacuum, of a material so that water is lost by sublimation, thereby inhibiting microbial growth
Ans → lyophilization
Explanation →
Q. An activated and differentiated B cell that is programmed to respond to secondary exposures to a specific antigen
Ans → memory B cell
Explanation →
Q. Name an organelle of the endomembrane system that contains digestive enzymes that break down engulfed material such as foodstuffs, infectious particles, or damaged cellular components
Ans → lysosome
Explanation →
Q. It is the ability of the specific adaptive immune system to quickly respond to pathogens to which it has previously been exposed
Ans → memory
Explanation →
Q. Name an inflammatory response that involves both the brain and the membranes that surround it
Ans → meningoencephalitis
Explanation →
More one-liners in - Microbiology
Q. A glycoprotein expressed only on the surface of antigen-presenting cells and involved in the presentation of foreign antigens from pathogens ingested by phagocytosis
Ans → MHC II molecule
Explanation →
Q. A partial agonist is an agonist that produces a maximal response that is less than the maximal response produced by another agonist acting at the same receptors on the same tissue.
Ans → Partial Agonist
Explanation →
Q. Large macromolecules composed of many similar (sometimes identical) smaller molecules, or monomers, linked together.
Ans → Polymers
Explanation →
Q. Structure of protein complexes formed by the combination of several separate polypeptides or subunits
Ans → quaternary structure
Explanation →
Q. The process of separation of a racemate into its two enantiomers by means of some chiral agency.
Ans → resolution
Explanation →
Q. Name the capillary bed in the nephron of the kidney that filters blood to form urine
Ans → glomerulus
Explanation →
Q. A a variant of PCR involving the use of fluorescence to allow for the monitoring of the increase in double-stranded template during a PCR reaction as it occurs
Ans → real-time PCR
Explanation →
Q. Non-fluid colloidal network or polymer network that is expanded throughout its whole volume by a fluid.
Ans → gel
Explanation →
Q. The inorganic element found in the structure of majority of high-energy compounds
Ans → Phosphorus
Explanation →
Q. A negative sign of free energy indicates that the reaction is
Ans → Exergonic or spontaneous
Explanation →
Q. Time required to achieve the minimum effective plasma concentration following administration of the dosage form.
Ans → onset of drug action
Explanation →
Q. The electrons of an atom that are highest in energy and in the outermost orbitals.
Ans → Valence Electrons
Explanation →
Q. Cytokines largely produced by immune system cells that help coordinate efforts against invading pathogens
Ans → interleukins
Explanation →
Q. Name the compound that is increased in RBC of anemic patients to facilitate the supply of O2 to the tissues
Ans → 2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate
Explanation →
Q. Continued substance use despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent psychological, or physical problem that is caused or exacerbated by use of the substance
Ans → Addiction
Explanation →
Q. For a substance, the time required for the amount of a drug or a substance in a biological system to be reduced to one-half of its value by biological processes when the rate of removal is approximately exponential.
Ans → biological half life
Explanation →
Q. Name a stage in the drying of solids, above which the drying rate is linear, at which the drying rate ceases to be linear, until it reaches the equilibrium moisture content.
Ans → critical moisture content
Explanation →
Q. Characteristic angle of slope formed with the horizontal by the side of a static conical mound of powder.
Ans → angle of repose
Explanation →
Q. Name the molecule that is too small to be antigenic alone but becomes antigenic when conjugated to a larger protein molecule
Ans → hapten
Explanation →
Q. The very first enzyme elevated in serum in myocardial infarction
Ans → Creatine phosphokinase (CPK)
Explanation →
Q. When particles move to a lower area of concentration from a high area of concentration.
Ans → diffusion
Explanation →
Q. The glycosaminoglycan that serves as a lubricant and shock absorbant of joints
Ans → Hyaluronic acid
Explanation →
Q. Name a common STI of the reproductive system caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Ans → gonorrhea
Explanation →
Q. Used as processing aid in tablet and capsule manufacturing, to facilitate the movement of the formulation into the dye and punch and to reduce the energy of compression.
Ans → lubricant
Explanation →
Q. Name the study that compares entire genomes, including the complete set of genes, their nucleotide sequence and organization
Ans → Genomics
Explanation →
Q. Name the organism that depends on high concentrations of salt in the environment to grow
Ans → halophile
Explanation →
Q. A ring structure formed from complement proteins C6 through C9 that penetrates the membranes of a targeted cell, causing cell lysis and death
Ans → membrane attack complex (MAC)
Explanation →
Q. White blood cells of various types, including granulocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes
Ans → leukocytes
Explanation →
Q. Name the process producing only lactic acid as a fermentation product
Ans → homolactic fermentation
Explanation →
Q. An activated and differentiated B cell that is programmed to respond to secondary exposures to a specific antigen
Ans → memory B cell
Explanation →