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This refers to protozoans that consume food particles through phagoctytosis
Microbiology Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. This refers to protozoans that consume food particles through phagoctytosis
Ans → holozoic
Explanation →
This question is taken from the test/quiz post: Microbiology Important questions (one liners Set - 7) Pharmacy - attemp/practice
More oneliners in - Microbiology Important questions (one liners Set - 7) Pharmacy
Q. Name the process producing a mixture of lactic acid, ethanol and/or acetic acid, and CO2 as fermentation products
Ans → heterolactic fermentation
Explanation →
Q. Name the organism that uses fixed organic carbon compounds as its carbon source
Ans → heterotroph
Explanation →
Q. Name the bacteria that have more than 50% guanine and cytosine nucleotides in their DNA
Ans → high G+C gram-positive bacteria
Explanation →
Q. Which bond is formed between the negatively charged phosphate groups that holds a lot of potential energy
Ans → high-energy phosphate bond
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Q. Name the large group of antigens bound by antibodies; large enough to settle out of fluid suspension
Ans → immune complex
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Q. A staining technique in which cells are fixed and holes dissolved in the membrane to allow passage of labeled antibodies to bind specific intracellular targets
Ans → immunocytochemistry (ICC)
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Q. Technique in which antibody or antigen can be concentrated by passing fluids through porous membranes, and target molecules are captured as they pass
Ans → immunofiltration
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Q. Fungal disease caused by the dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum
Ans → histoplasmosis
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Q. A technique that uses a fluorescence microscope and antibody-specific fluorochromes to determine the presence of specific pathogens in a specimen
Ans → immunofluorescence
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Q. A staining technique in which labeled antibodies are bound to specific cells in a tissue section
Ans → immunohistochemistry (IHC)
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Q. DNA-binding proteins found in eukaryotes and archaea that aid in orderly packaging of chromosomal DNA
Ans → histones
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Q. Outside the organism in a test tube or artificial environment is known as
Ans → in vitro
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Q. Proinflammatory molecule released by basophils and mast cells in response to stimulation by other cytokines and chemical mediators
Ans → histamine
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Q. This refers to protozoans that consume food particles through phagoctytosis
Ans → holozoic
Explanation →
Q. Name the process producing only lactic acid as a fermentation product
Ans → homolactic fermentation
Explanation →
Q. Vaccine composed of whole pathogen cells or viruses that have been killed or inactivated through treatment with heat, radiation, or chemicals
Ans → inactivated vaccine
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Q. Name the retrovirus responsible for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in humans
Ans → human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
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Q. The number of individuals with new infections of a particular disease in a given period of time is called
Ans → incidence
Explanation →
Q. Movement of a pathogen from one host to another population through physical contact or through droplet transmission
Ans → horizontal direct transmission
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Q. Inflammation of the conjunctiva in newborns caused by Chlamydia trachomatis transmitted during childbirth is
Ans → inclusion conjunctivitis
Explanation →
Q. Name the prokaryotic cell cytoplasmic structures for storing specific nutrients and other resources needed by cells
Ans → inclusions
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Q. Introduction of genetic material from one organism to another organism within the same generation
Ans → horizontal gene transfer
Explanation →
Q. The first stage of acute disease, during which the pathogen begins multiplying in the host and signs and symptoms are not observable
Ans → incubation period
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Q. The successful colonization of a microorganism within a host is called as
Ans → infection
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Q. Name the types of host cells that a particular virus is able to infect
Ans → host range
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Q. Highly contagious and acute viral disease of the respiratory tract caused by the influenza virus
Ans → influenza
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Q. Serious infection caused by Trypanosoma brucei and spread by the bite of the tsetse fly
Ans → human African trypanosomiasis
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Q. Proteins that participate in ribosome assembly during initiation
Ans → initiation factors
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Q. A group of common sexually transmitted viruses that may be associated with genital warts or with cervical cancer
Ans → human papillomavirus (HPV)
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Q. Name the adaptive immunity mediated by antibodies produced by B cells
Ans → humoral immunity
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Q. Name the enzyme produced by pathogens that degrades hyaluronic acid between adjacent cells in connective tissue
Ans → hyaluronidase
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Q. The stage of replication during which various proteins bind to the origin of replication to begin the replication process
Ans → initiation of DNA replication
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Q. The stage of transcription during which RNA polymerase binds to a promoter and transcription begins
Ans → initiation of transcription
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Q. The the joining of two complementary single-stranded DNA molecules
Ans → hybridization
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Q. Small number of cells added to medium to start a culture is commonly called
Ans → inoculum
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Q. Type of mutation involving the addition of one or more bases into a DNA sequence
Ans → insertion
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Q. The clones of cell produced by fusing a normal B cell with a myeloma cell that is capable of producing monoclonal antibodies indefinitely
Ans → hybridoma
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Q. Refers to a polar molecule or portion of a molecule capable of strong attraction to water molecules
Ans → hydrophilic
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Q. Cytokines largely produced by immune system cells that help coordinate efforts against invading pathogens
Ans → interleukins
Explanation →
Q. Refers to a nonpolar molecule or portion of a molecule not capable of strong attraction to water molecules
Ans → hydrophobic
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Q. A host in which a parasite goes through some stages of its life cycle before migrating to the definitive host
Ans → intermediate host
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Q. Potentially damaging immune response against an antigen is called
Ans → hypersensitivity
Explanation →
More one-liners in - Microbiology
Q. The number of individuals with new infections of a particular disease in a given period of time is called
Ans → incidence
Explanation →
Q. Memberane-body antibody monomer functioning as receptor on the surface of B cells
Ans → IgD
Explanation →
Q. The distortion of a light wave due to interaction with another wave
Ans → interference
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Q. Device that disperses liquids to aerosols for therapeutic use by inhalation through a mask.
Ans → nebulizer
Explanation →
Q. A form of microbial control using heat that is applied to foods; kills pathogens and reduces the number of spoilage-causing microbes while maintaining food quality
Ans → pasteurization
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Q. The number of base pairs present in each turn (pitch) of B-form of DNA helix
Ans → 10
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Q. The difference between plasma and serum is the presence or absence of
Ans → Fibrinogen
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Q. The representation of a compound by two or more canonical structures in which the valence electrons are rearranged to give structures of similar probability.
Ans → resonance
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Q. An Obstacle such as coating or embedding, which acts as a factor controlling the rate of drug release.
Ans → diffusion barrier
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Q. Name the type of kidney infection involving the glomeruli of the nephrons
Ans → glomerulonephritis
Explanation →
Q. The science of studying a collection of mRNA molecules produced from microbial communities
Ans → metatranscriptomics
Explanation →
Q. The first stage of acute disease, during which the pathogen begins multiplying in the host and signs and symptoms are not observable
Ans → incubation period
Explanation →
Q. A protein complex in a photosystem, containing a pigment molecule that can undergo oxidation upon excitation by a light-harvesting pigment
Ans → reaction center
Explanation →
Q. A chemical formula where electrons are represented with dots. Covalent bonds are represented with a line connecting two atoms—the line represents two electrons.
Ans → Lewis Structure
Explanation →
Q. The power of a microscope (or lens) to produce an image that appears larger than the actual specimen, expressed as a factor of the actual size
Ans → magnification
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Q. When particles move to a lower area of concentration from a high area of concentration.
Ans → diffusion
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Q. Name the highly branched storage polysaccharide that is found animal cells and bacteria
Ans → glycogen
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Q. Memberane-body antibody monomer functioning as receptor on the surface of B cells
Ans → IgD
Explanation →
Q. Name the bean-shaped organs situated throughout the body that contain areas called germinal centers, which are rich in B and T lymphocytes
Ans → lymph nodes
Explanation →
Q. Crystalline form of a compound in which water molecules are part of the crystal structure.
Ans → hydrate
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Q. The carbohydrate that is taken as a reference for writing the configuration of others
Ans → Glyceraldehydes
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Q. The compound that facilitates the release of O2 from oxyhemoglobin
Ans → C1– , H+ , 2, 3-BPG
Explanation →
Q. The isolation of an individual for the purpose of preventing the spread of disease
Ans → quarantine
Explanation →
Q. A group that is used to protect a functional group from unwanted reactions. After application the protecting group can be removed to reveal the original functional group.
Ans → protecting group
Explanation →
Q. The space between the cell wall and the plasma membrane, primarily in gram-negative bacteria
Ans → periplasmic space
Explanation →
Q. Name a toxin that affects cell membrane function by either forming pores or disrupting the phospholipid bilayer
Ans → membrane-disrupting toxin
Explanation →
Q. An instrument that measures the degree of absorption (or emission) of electromagnetic radiation by a substance.
Ans → spectrophotometer
Explanation →
Q. The major dietary energy sources, besides their involvement in cell structure and various other functions is
Ans → Carbohydrates
Explanation →
Q. Name the term that refers to a nonpolar molecule or portion of a molecule not capable of strong attraction to water molecules
Ans → hydrophobic
Explanation →