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A staining technique in which cells are fixed and holes dissolved in the membrane to allow passage of labeled antibodies to bind specific intracellular targets
Microbiology Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. A staining technique in which cells are fixed and holes dissolved in the membrane to allow passage of labeled antibodies to bind specific intracellular targets
Ans → immunocytochemistry (ICC)
Explanation →
This question is taken from the test/quiz post: Microbiology Important questions (one liners Set - 7) Pharmacy - attemp/practice
More oneliners in - Microbiology Important questions (one liners Set - 7) Pharmacy
Q. Name the process producing a mixture of lactic acid, ethanol and/or acetic acid, and CO2 as fermentation products
Ans → heterolactic fermentation
Explanation →
Q. Name the organism that uses fixed organic carbon compounds as its carbon source
Ans → heterotroph
Explanation →
Q. Name the bacteria that have more than 50% guanine and cytosine nucleotides in their DNA
Ans → high G+C gram-positive bacteria
Explanation →
Q. Which bond is formed between the negatively charged phosphate groups that holds a lot of potential energy
Ans → high-energy phosphate bond
Explanation →
Q. Name the large group of antigens bound by antibodies; large enough to settle out of fluid suspension
Ans → immune complex
Explanation →
Q. A staining technique in which cells are fixed and holes dissolved in the membrane to allow passage of labeled antibodies to bind specific intracellular targets
Ans → immunocytochemistry (ICC)
Explanation →
Q. Technique in which antibody or antigen can be concentrated by passing fluids through porous membranes, and target molecules are captured as they pass
Ans → immunofiltration
Explanation →
Q. Fungal disease caused by the dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum
Ans → histoplasmosis
Explanation →
Q. A technique that uses a fluorescence microscope and antibody-specific fluorochromes to determine the presence of specific pathogens in a specimen
Ans → immunofluorescence
Explanation →
Q. A staining technique in which labeled antibodies are bound to specific cells in a tissue section
Ans → immunohistochemistry (IHC)
Explanation →
Q. DNA-binding proteins found in eukaryotes and archaea that aid in orderly packaging of chromosomal DNA
Ans → histones
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Q. Outside the organism in a test tube or artificial environment is known as
Ans → in vitro
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Q. Proinflammatory molecule released by basophils and mast cells in response to stimulation by other cytokines and chemical mediators
Ans → histamine
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Q. This refers to protozoans that consume food particles through phagoctytosis
Ans → holozoic
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Q. Name the process producing only lactic acid as a fermentation product
Ans → homolactic fermentation
Explanation →
Q. Vaccine composed of whole pathogen cells or viruses that have been killed or inactivated through treatment with heat, radiation, or chemicals
Ans → inactivated vaccine
Explanation →
Q. Name the retrovirus responsible for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in humans
Ans → human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Explanation →
Q. The number of individuals with new infections of a particular disease in a given period of time is called
Ans → incidence
Explanation →
Q. Movement of a pathogen from one host to another population through physical contact or through droplet transmission
Ans → horizontal direct transmission
Explanation →
Q. Inflammation of the conjunctiva in newborns caused by Chlamydia trachomatis transmitted during childbirth is
Ans → inclusion conjunctivitis
Explanation →
Q. Name the prokaryotic cell cytoplasmic structures for storing specific nutrients and other resources needed by cells
Ans → inclusions
Explanation →
Q. Introduction of genetic material from one organism to another organism within the same generation
Ans → horizontal gene transfer
Explanation →
Q. The first stage of acute disease, during which the pathogen begins multiplying in the host and signs and symptoms are not observable
Ans → incubation period
Explanation →
Q. The successful colonization of a microorganism within a host is called as
Ans → infection
Explanation →
Q. Name the types of host cells that a particular virus is able to infect
Ans → host range
Explanation →
Q. Highly contagious and acute viral disease of the respiratory tract caused by the influenza virus
Ans → influenza
Explanation →
Q. Serious infection caused by Trypanosoma brucei and spread by the bite of the tsetse fly
Ans → human African trypanosomiasis
Explanation →
Q. Proteins that participate in ribosome assembly during initiation
Ans → initiation factors
Explanation →
Q. A group of common sexually transmitted viruses that may be associated with genital warts or with cervical cancer
Ans → human papillomavirus (HPV)
Explanation →
Q. Name the adaptive immunity mediated by antibodies produced by B cells
Ans → humoral immunity
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Q. Name the enzyme produced by pathogens that degrades hyaluronic acid between adjacent cells in connective tissue
Ans → hyaluronidase
Explanation →
Q. The stage of replication during which various proteins bind to the origin of replication to begin the replication process
Ans → initiation of DNA replication
Explanation →
Q. The stage of transcription during which RNA polymerase binds to a promoter and transcription begins
Ans → initiation of transcription
Explanation →
Q. The the joining of two complementary single-stranded DNA molecules
Ans → hybridization
Explanation →
Q. Small number of cells added to medium to start a culture is commonly called
Ans → inoculum
Explanation →
Q. Type of mutation involving the addition of one or more bases into a DNA sequence
Ans → insertion
Explanation →
Q. The clones of cell produced by fusing a normal B cell with a myeloma cell that is capable of producing monoclonal antibodies indefinitely
Ans → hybridoma
Explanation →
Q. Refers to a polar molecule or portion of a molecule capable of strong attraction to water molecules
Ans → hydrophilic
Explanation →
Q. Cytokines largely produced by immune system cells that help coordinate efforts against invading pathogens
Ans → interleukins
Explanation →
Q. Refers to a nonpolar molecule or portion of a molecule not capable of strong attraction to water molecules
Ans → hydrophobic
Explanation →
Q. A host in which a parasite goes through some stages of its life cycle before migrating to the definitive host
Ans → intermediate host
Explanation →
Q. Potentially damaging immune response against an antigen is called
Ans → hypersensitivity
Explanation →
More one-liners in - Microbiology
Q. Release of a drug from a dosage form that it is not immediate
Ans → modified release
Explanation →
Q. A ligand that binds to a receptor and alters the receptor state resulting in a biological response.
Ans → Agonist
Explanation →
Q. What is the name of the condition in which there is blood in the urine
Ans → hematuria
Explanation →
Q. Name the formula that shows the number and kinds of atoms in a molecule.
Ans → Molecular Formula
Explanation →
Q. An interval before exponential growth of a microbial population during which cells adjust to a new environment
Ans → lag phase
Explanation →
Q. The network of neurons that connects the CNS with organs, sensory organs, and muscles throughout the body
Ans → peripheral nervous system
Explanation →
Q. Technique that uses living organisms to make or modify products, to improve plants or animals, or to develop microorganisms for specific uses
Ans → biotechnology
Explanation →
Q. Process in which powder particles are made to aggregate to larger particles called granules.
Ans → granulation
Explanation →
Q. The isolation of an individual for the purpose of preventing the spread of disease
Ans → quarantine
Explanation →
Q. Name class of protein synthesis inhibitors that are similar to macrolides
Ans → lincosamides
Explanation →
Q. Organic substances occurring naturally, which are basic, forming salts with acids. The basic group is usually an amino function.
Ans → alkaloid
Explanation →
Q. Name the retrovirus responsible for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in humans
Ans → human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Explanation →
Q. Test in which antigen and antisera are added to neighboring wells in an agar gel, allowing visualization of precipitin arcs
Ans → Ouchterlony assay
Explanation →
Q. Name the types of host cells that a particular virus is able to infect
Ans → host range
Explanation →
Q. N-Acetylglutamate is required for the activation of the enzyme
Ans → Carbamoyl phosphate synthase I
Explanation →
Q. A form of microbial control using heat that is applied to foods; kills pathogens and reduces the number of spoilage-causing microbes while maintaining food quality
Ans → pasteurization
Explanation →
Q. Class of antiprotozoan drugs long used for the treatment of malaria; interferes with heme detoxification
Ans → quinolines
Explanation →
Q. Two electrons that are not shared between atoms within a molecule.
Ans → lone pair/unshared pair
Explanation →
Q. A highly infectious zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii that farmers can contract from their animals by inhalation
Ans → Q fever
Explanation →
Q. Initial, typically larger than the maintenance dose of a drug given to a patient at the start of pharmacotherapy.
Ans → loading dose
Explanation →
Q. An atom, or group of atoms, that is responsible for reactivity of the molecule it is a part of.
Ans → Functional Groups
Explanation →
Q. The Process of contact and adhesion whereby particles in dispersion form larger-size clusters.
Ans → flocculation
Explanation →
Q. Structure of protein complexes formed by the combination of several separate polypeptides or subunits
Ans → quaternary structure
Explanation →
Q. Name the chronic bacterial infection of peripheral nervous tissues caused by the acid-fast bacterium,
Ans → Hansen’s Disease
Explanation →
Q. A form of experiment in which the participants are, to some degree, kept ignorant of the nature and doses of materials administered as specific parts of the experiment.
Ans → Blind Experiment
Explanation →
Q. Powder particles, which have been aggregated to form larger irregular particles, usually of 0.5–2 mm diameter.
Ans → granules
Explanation →
Q. Part of the orbital area in an atom where it is impossible to find an electron.
Ans → node
Explanation →