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Name the process producing a mixture of lactic acid, ethanol and/or acetic acid, and CO2 as fermentation products
Microbiology Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. Name the process producing a mixture of lactic acid, ethanol and/or acetic acid, and CO2 as fermentation products
Ans → heterolactic fermentation
Explanation →
This question is taken from the test/quiz post: Microbiology Important questions (one liners Set - 7) Pharmacy - attemp/practice
More oneliners in - Microbiology Important questions (one liners Set - 7) Pharmacy
Q. Name the process producing a mixture of lactic acid, ethanol and/or acetic acid, and CO2 as fermentation products
Ans → heterolactic fermentation
Explanation →
Q. Name the organism that uses fixed organic carbon compounds as its carbon source
Ans → heterotroph
Explanation →
Q. Name the bacteria that have more than 50% guanine and cytosine nucleotides in their DNA
Ans → high G+C gram-positive bacteria
Explanation →
Q. Which bond is formed between the negatively charged phosphate groups that holds a lot of potential energy
Ans → high-energy phosphate bond
Explanation →
Q. Name the large group of antigens bound by antibodies; large enough to settle out of fluid suspension
Ans → immune complex
Explanation →
Q. A staining technique in which cells are fixed and holes dissolved in the membrane to allow passage of labeled antibodies to bind specific intracellular targets
Ans → immunocytochemistry (ICC)
Explanation →
Q. Technique in which antibody or antigen can be concentrated by passing fluids through porous membranes, and target molecules are captured as they pass
Ans → immunofiltration
Explanation →
Q. Fungal disease caused by the dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum
Ans → histoplasmosis
Explanation →
Q. A technique that uses a fluorescence microscope and antibody-specific fluorochromes to determine the presence of specific pathogens in a specimen
Ans → immunofluorescence
Explanation →
Q. A staining technique in which labeled antibodies are bound to specific cells in a tissue section
Ans → immunohistochemistry (IHC)
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Q. DNA-binding proteins found in eukaryotes and archaea that aid in orderly packaging of chromosomal DNA
Ans → histones
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Q. Outside the organism in a test tube or artificial environment is known as
Ans → in vitro
Explanation →
Q. Proinflammatory molecule released by basophils and mast cells in response to stimulation by other cytokines and chemical mediators
Ans → histamine
Explanation →
Q. This refers to protozoans that consume food particles through phagoctytosis
Ans → holozoic
Explanation →
Q. Name the process producing only lactic acid as a fermentation product
Ans → homolactic fermentation
Explanation →
Q. Vaccine composed of whole pathogen cells or viruses that have been killed or inactivated through treatment with heat, radiation, or chemicals
Ans → inactivated vaccine
Explanation →
Q. Name the retrovirus responsible for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in humans
Ans → human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Explanation →
Q. The number of individuals with new infections of a particular disease in a given period of time is called
Ans → incidence
Explanation →
Q. Movement of a pathogen from one host to another population through physical contact or through droplet transmission
Ans → horizontal direct transmission
Explanation →
Q. Inflammation of the conjunctiva in newborns caused by Chlamydia trachomatis transmitted during childbirth is
Ans → inclusion conjunctivitis
Explanation →
Q. Name the prokaryotic cell cytoplasmic structures for storing specific nutrients and other resources needed by cells
Ans → inclusions
Explanation →
Q. Introduction of genetic material from one organism to another organism within the same generation
Ans → horizontal gene transfer
Explanation →
Q. The first stage of acute disease, during which the pathogen begins multiplying in the host and signs and symptoms are not observable
Ans → incubation period
Explanation →
Q. The successful colonization of a microorganism within a host is called as
Ans → infection
Explanation →
Q. Name the types of host cells that a particular virus is able to infect
Ans → host range
Explanation →
Q. Highly contagious and acute viral disease of the respiratory tract caused by the influenza virus
Ans → influenza
Explanation →
Q. Serious infection caused by Trypanosoma brucei and spread by the bite of the tsetse fly
Ans → human African trypanosomiasis
Explanation →
Q. Proteins that participate in ribosome assembly during initiation
Ans → initiation factors
Explanation →
Q. A group of common sexually transmitted viruses that may be associated with genital warts or with cervical cancer
Ans → human papillomavirus (HPV)
Explanation →
Q. Name the adaptive immunity mediated by antibodies produced by B cells
Ans → humoral immunity
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Q. Name the enzyme produced by pathogens that degrades hyaluronic acid between adjacent cells in connective tissue
Ans → hyaluronidase
Explanation →
Q. The stage of replication during which various proteins bind to the origin of replication to begin the replication process
Ans → initiation of DNA replication
Explanation →
Q. The stage of transcription during which RNA polymerase binds to a promoter and transcription begins
Ans → initiation of transcription
Explanation →
Q. The the joining of two complementary single-stranded DNA molecules
Ans → hybridization
Explanation →
Q. Small number of cells added to medium to start a culture is commonly called
Ans → inoculum
Explanation →
Q. Type of mutation involving the addition of one or more bases into a DNA sequence
Ans → insertion
Explanation →
Q. The clones of cell produced by fusing a normal B cell with a myeloma cell that is capable of producing monoclonal antibodies indefinitely
Ans → hybridoma
Explanation →
Q. Refers to a polar molecule or portion of a molecule capable of strong attraction to water molecules
Ans → hydrophilic
Explanation →
Q. Cytokines largely produced by immune system cells that help coordinate efforts against invading pathogens
Ans → interleukins
Explanation →
Q. Refers to a nonpolar molecule or portion of a molecule not capable of strong attraction to water molecules
Ans → hydrophobic
Explanation →
Q. A host in which a parasite goes through some stages of its life cycle before migrating to the definitive host
Ans → intermediate host
Explanation →
Q. Potentially damaging immune response against an antigen is called
Ans → hypersensitivity
Explanation →
More one-liners in - Microbiology
Q. The process by which proteins lose their 3-D (tertiary and secondary) structure by application of an external stress, most often heat.
Ans → Denatured
Explanation →
Q. What is the name of the eye infection caused by herpes simplex virus
Ans → herpes keratitis
Explanation →
Q. Leukocytes found in the peripheral blood that are characterized by numerous granules
Ans → granulocytes
Explanation →
Q. Vaccine composed of whole pathogen cells or viruses that have been killed or inactivated through treatment with heat, radiation, or chemicals
Ans → inactivated vaccine
Explanation →
Q. The enzyme defect in acute intermittent porphyria
Ans → Uroporphyrinogen synthase I
Explanation →
Q. Name the organism that uses fixed organic carbon compounds as its carbon source
Ans → heterotroph
Explanation →
Q. Name a microorganism that has an optimum growth temperature close to the temperature of boiling water
Ans → hyperthermophile
Explanation →
Q. Name a method of acid-fast staining that does not use heat to infuse the primary stain, carbolfuchsin, into acid-fast cells
Ans → Kinyoun technique
Explanation →
Q. Antibody monomer involved in defense against parasites and allergic reactions
Ans → IgE
Explanation →
Q. Growth on the skin associated with infection by any of the human papilloma viruses (HPV); commonly known as a wart
Ans → papilloma
Explanation →
Q. Process that differentiates or separates solid particles according to their size using a meshed or perfo- rated device.
Ans → sieving
Explanation →
Q. The compound implicated in the development of cataract in diabetic patients is
Ans → Sorbitol
Explanation →
Q. The short fragment of DNA made during lagging strand synthesis
Ans → Okazaki fragment
Explanation →
Q. Name the sialic acid, mostly found in the structure of glycoproteins and glycolipids
Ans → N- Acetylneuraminic acid
Explanation →
Q. The inhibition of the enzyme pancreatic lipase by bile salts is overcome by a protein, namely
Ans → Colipase
Explanation →
Q. Name the prokaryotic cell cytoplasmic structures for storing specific nutrients and other resources needed by cells
Ans → inclusions
Explanation →
Q. Name the capillary bed in the nephron of the kidney that filters blood to form urine
Ans → glomerulus
Explanation →
Q. A a stain that produces colour around the structure of interest while not coloring the structure itself
Ans → negative stain
Explanation →
Q. The specific term used to describe carbohydrate stereoisomers differing only in configuration at the hemi-acetal carbon atom.
Ans → anomers
Explanation →
Q. Inflammation of the conjunctiva in newborns caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae transmitted during childbirth
Ans → ophthalmia neonatorum
Explanation →
Q. A a special objective lens on a microscope designed to be used with immersion oil to improve resolution
Ans → oil immersion lens
Explanation →
Q. A Biologically active substance, which when biodistributed in the body is expected to modify one or more of its functions.
Ans → drug
Explanation →
Q. The phenomenon of disorganization of native protein structure is known as
Ans → Denaturation
Explanation →
Q. Dry solid material consisting of many, usually free flowing, fine particles.
Ans → powder
Explanation →
Q. Name the large group of antigens bound by antibodies; large enough to settle out of fluid suspension
Ans → immune complex
Explanation →
Q. A conformation in which substituents on two attached saturated carbon atoms overlap when viewed as a Newman projection.
Ans → eclipsed
Explanation →
Q. Having numerous flagella covering the entire surface of a bacterial cell is known as
Ans → peritrichous
Explanation →
Q. The number of base pairs present in each turn (pitch) of B-form of DNA helix
Ans → 10
Explanation →
Q. Inflammation of the conjunctiva in newborns caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae transmitted during childbirth
Ans → ophthalmia neonatorum
Explanation →
Q. What is the name of the condition in which there is blood in the urine
Ans → hematuria
Explanation →