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Download PDF – RRB PH UT18 – Pharmacognosy Practice Test 1: Crude Drugs Classification & Evaluation

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RRB PH UT18 – Pharmacognosy Practice Test 1: Crude Drugs Classification & Evaluation
Q1. Which crude-drug classification is based on evolutionary and phylogenetic relationships?
A) Chemotaxonomical classification
B) Taxonomical classification
C) Pharmacological classification
D) Morphological classification
Q1. कच्ची औषधियों का कौन-सा वर्गीकरण विकासीय और वंशवृक्षीय संबंधों पर आधारित है?
A) रसायन-वर्गीय वर्गीकरण
B) वर्गिकी (टैक्सोनॉमिकल) वर्गीकरण
C) औषधीय वर्गीकरण
D) आकृतिक वर्गीकरण
Answer: (B)
Taxonomical classification arranges crude drugs by natural evolutionary relationships and botanical hierarchy.
टैक्सोनॉमिकल वर्गीकरण पौधों को प्राकृतिक विकासीय/वंशवृक्षीय संबंधों के आधार पर क्रम, कुल, वंश और प्रजाति में व्यवस्थित करता है।
Q2. What sensory property appears when quillaia bark or senega root is shaken with water?
A) Pungency
B) Astringency
C) Frothing property
D) Mucilaginous property
Q2. क्विलाया छाल या सेनेगा जड़ को पानी में हिलाने पर कौन-सा संवेदी गुण दिखाई देता है?
A) तीक्ष्णता
B) कषायता
C) झाग बनने का गुण
D) श्लेष्मिक गुण
Answer: (C)
Saponins in quillaia and senega lower water surface tension and produce persistent froth on shaking.
क्विलाया और सेनेगा में सैपोनिन पानी का पृष्ठ तनाव घटाते हैं, जिससे हिलाने पर स्थायी झाग बनता है।
Q3. Which cells have thick, lignified walls, pits and a narrow lumen (stone cells)?
A) Sclerenchyma stone cells
B) Glandular trichomes
C) Xylem vessels
D) Collenchyma
Q3. मोटी लिग्निनयुक्त भित्ति, गर्त और संकीर्ण ल्यूमेन वाली कोशिकाएँ (स्टोन सेल) कौन-सी हैं?
A) स्क्लेरेन्काइमा स्टोन कोशिकाएँ
B) ग्रंथियुक्त रोम
C) जाइलम वाहिकाएँ
D) कोलेनकाइमा
Answer: (A)
Stone cells are sclerenchyma cells with thick lignified walls, pits and a reduced lumen.
स्टोन कोशिकाएँ स्क्लेरेन्काइमा की कोशिकाएँ हैं; इनमें मोटी लिग्निनयुक्त भित्ति, गर्त और संकीर्ण ल्यूमेन होता है।
Q4. What is the average number of stomata per mm² of leaf epidermis called?
A) Stomatal index
B) Stomatal number
C) Palisade ratio
D) Vein-islet number
Q4. पत्ती की एपिडर्मिस में प्रति mm² रंध्रों की औसत संख्या क्या कहलाती है?
A) रंध्र सूचकांक
B) रंध्र संख्या
C) पैलिसेड अनुपात
D) शिरा-द्वीप संख्या (Vein-islet number)
Answer: (B)
Stomatal number is the average number of stomata per mm² of leaf epidermis.
रंध्र संख्या पत्ती एपिडर्मिस के प्रति mm² में रंध्रों की औसत संख्या है।
Q5. Which formula gives the stomatal index (S = stomata; E = epidermal cells)?
A) I = (S × 100) / (S + E)
B) I = (S + E) / (S × 100)
C) I = (S × 100) / E
D) I = (E × 100) / (S + E)
Q5. रंध्र सूचकांक (S = रंध्र; E = एपिडर्मल कोशिकाएँ) का सही सूत्र कौन-सा है?
A) I = (S × 100)/(S + E)
B) I = (S + E)/(S × 100)
C) I = (S × 100)/E
D) I = (E × 100)/(S + E)
Answer: (A)
Stomatal index = S/(S+E) × 100, where S is stomata and E is epidermal cells.
रंध्र सूचकांक = S/(S+E) × 100; S रंध्रों और E एपिडर्मल कोशिकाओं की संख्या है।
Q6. What does acid-insoluble ash mainly indicate in a crude drug?
A) Residual volatile constituents
B) Water-soluble alkali metal salts
C) Siliceous earth, sand, and earthy soil contamination
D) Total inorganic physiological minerals only
Q6. कच्ची औषधि में अम्ल-अघुलनशील राख मुख्यतः क्या दर्शाती है?
A) अवशिष्ट वाष्पशील घटक
B) जल में घुलनशील क्षार धातु लवण
C) सिलिका युक्त मिट्टी, रेत और मृदा संदूषण
D) केवल कुल अकार्बनिक कायिक (physiological) खनिज
Answer: (C)
Acid-insoluble ash mainly measures silica, sand and earthy contamination.
अम्ल-अघुलनशील राख मुख्यतः सिलिका, रेत और मिट्टी जैसे पदार्थ दर्शाती है।
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