Assertion (A): Meiosis is essential for maintaining a constant chromosome number across generations in sexually reproducing organisms.
Reason (R): Meiosis is a reductional division that halves the number of chromosomes in the gametes.
A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
C) A is true but R is false
D) A is false but R is true
Q4.
अभिकथन (A): यौन प्रजनन करने वाले जीवों में पीढ़ियों तक निरंतर गुणसूत्र संख्या बनाए रखने के लिए अर्धसूत्रीविभाजन (Meiosis) आवश्यक है।
कारण (R): अर्धसूत्रीविभाजन एक न्यूनीकरण विभाजन (reductional division) है जो युग्मकों (gametes) में गुणसूत्रों की संख्या को आधा कर देता है।
A) A और R दोनों सत्य हैं और R, A का सही स्पष्टीकरण है
B) A और R दोनों सत्य हैं लेकिन R, A का सही स्पष्टीकरण नहीं है
C) A सत्य है लेकिन R असत्य है
D) A असत्य है लेकिन R सत्य है
Answer: (A)
Because meiosis halves the chromosome number (2n to n) during gamete formation, the diploid number (2n) is restored when fertilization (fusion of n+n) occurs.
चूंकि युग्मक निर्माण के दौरान अर्धसूत्रीविभाजन गुणसूत्र संख्या (2n से n) को आधा कर देता है, इसलिए निषेचन होने पर द्विगुणित संख्या (2n) बहाल हो जाती है।
Q5. Which among the following is NOT a defining characteristic of living organisms?
A) Metabolism
B) Cellular organization
C) Growth
D) Consciousness
Q5. निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा जीवित जीवों (living organisms) का परिभाषित करने वाला लक्षण (defining characteristic) नहीं है?
A) चयापचय (Metabolism)
B) सेलुलर संगठन
C) वृद्धि (Growth)
D) चेतना (Consciousness)
Answer: (C)
Growth is not a defining characteristic because non-living objects (like mountains or sand dunes) can also grow by the accumulation of material on their surface.
वृद्धि एक परिभाषित लक्षण नहीं है क्योंकि निर्जीव वस्तुएं (जैसे पहाड़ या रेत के टीले) भी अपनी सतह पर सामग्री के संचय से बढ़ सकती हैं।
Q6. Who is universally recognized as the "Father of Taxonomy"?
A) Charles Darwin
B) Carolus Linnaeus
C) Aristotle
D) Gregor Mendel
Q6. सार्वभौमिक रूप से "वर्गिकी के जनक" (Father of Taxonomy) के रूप में किसे मान्यता प्राप्त है?
A) चार्ल्स डार्विन
B) कैरोलस लिनियस (Carolus Linnaeus)
C) अरस्तू
D) ग्रेगर मेंडल
Answer: (B)
Carolus Linnaeus is known as the Father of Taxonomy. He formalized the modern system of naming organisms called binomial nomenclature.
कैरोलस लिनियस को टैक्सोनॉमी के पिता के रूप में जाना जाता है। उन्होंने जीवों के नामकरण की आधुनिक प्रणाली को औपचारिक रूप दिया जिसे द्विपद नामकरण (binomial nomenclature) कहा जाता है।
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