Pharmacy

Pharmacy is the clinical health science that links medical science with chemistry. It is charged with the discovery, production, disposal, safe and effective use, and control of medications and drugs. The practice of pharmacy requires excellent knowledge of drugs, their mechanism of action, side effects, interactions, mobility and toxicity. At the same time, it requires knowledge of treatment and understanding of the pathological process. Some specialties of pharmacists, such as that of clinical pharmacists, require other skills, e.g. knowledge about the acquisition and evaluation of physical and laboratory data.

Recommended Books

List of Poisons and Their Antidotes – Toxicology Guide for Medical & Pharmacy Students

Understanding poisons and their antidotes is essential in pharmacy, medicine, and toxicology. Many substances can cause life-threatening poisoning, and knowing the correct antidote, dosage, and mechanism of action can save lives. This article provides detailed explanations of 20 important poisons and their antidotes, followed by a simplified table for quick revision. 1. Arsenic Poison Antidote: […]

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Pharmacist Exam MCQs – 50 Important Questions for Quick Revision

This Post contains 50 essential multiple-choice questions designed for quick revision. These questions cover major pharmacy subjects, including Pharmaceutics, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmacognosy, and Pharmacy Laws. Each question includes answer choices, the correct option, and a brief explanation to help you grasp key concepts efficiently.

Who Can Use This?
✅ Pharmacy students preparing for D.Pharm, B.Pharm, GPAT, NAPLEX, DHA, HAAD, MOH, and government pharmacist recruitment exams.
✅ Competitive exam aspirants looking for a quick and effective revision tool.
✅ Educators & trainers who want to create pharmacy quizzes or test papers. 

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Metal Ion Complexes: Coordination Bonds, Chelates, and Applications 

Explore the metal ion complexes, where central metallic ions bond with ligands to form coordination bonds. Learn about inorganic and chelate complexes, with examples of bidentate, tridentate, and polydentate ligands. Discover the applications of chelates, from water softeners to heavy metal detoxification, highlighting their role in various fields.

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Ligands: Building Blocks of Coordination Chemistry

coordination compounds, also known as complexes, arising from Lewis acid-base reactions. Understand the crucial roles of ligands and metal ions in forming coordinate covalent bonds. Distinguish monodentate and polydentate ligands, unraveling their diverse structures and contributions to complex formation. Gain insights into the distinct properties of coordination compounds, setting them apart from their individual components.

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Liquid Crystals: The Fourth State of Matter in Pharmacy 

Liquid crystals, the fourth state of matter, exhibit an intermediate order between liquids and crystals. Divided into thermotropic and lyotropic classes, they include high molar mass polymers and low molar mass materials like discotic and rod-like molecules. Rod-like liquid crystals, such as nematic and chiral nemetic, display unique orientational patterns. Applications in pharmacy range from super-strength polymers for drug delivery to liquid crystal thermography for evaluating medical conditions.    

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Pharmacy Notes: Solubilization and Detergency in Physical Pharmaceutics

Solubilization, introduced by Mc Bain in 1937, involves dissolving poorly soluble solutes in water using surfactants, forming thermodynamically stable solutions through micelle formation. Critical micelle concentration (CMC) is key, and this technique is exemplified by the enhanced solubility of cresol with soap solution. Detergency, a complex surfactant-driven process, utilizes characteristics like solubilizing, emulsifying, and wetting to remove foreign matter from solid surfaces by reducing interfacial tensions.

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CLASSIFICATION OF SURFACE ACTING AGENTS

CLASSIFICATION OF SURFACE ACTING AGENTS Surfactants are classified into four classes based upon the composition of the polarity of the head group. nonionic, anionic, cationic,  amphoteric. A non-ionic surfactant has no charge groups in its head. Anionic surfactants have anionic functional groups at their head, such as sulphonates, phosphates, sulfate and carboxylates. Alkyl sulfates include

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MEASUREMENT OF SURFACE TENSION AND INTERFACIAL TENSION

MEASUREMENT OF SURFACE TENSION AND INTERFACIAL TENSION Surface and interfacial tension is very important physico-chemical property which affects the surtace chemistry of the substances whether solid, liquid or gas. Surface area is gaining importance in the characterization of material during their development, formulation and manufacturing. The chemical activity, adsorption, dissolution and bioavailability of a drug

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