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Q1. Which of the following is the prodrug of dopamine?
- A) Levodopa
- B) Epinephrine
- C) Norepinephrine
- D) Serotonin
Answer: (A) Levodopa
Levodopa crosses the blood-brain barrier and is converted into dopamine, which helps in Parkinson’s disease.
Q2. Which phase of clinical trials determines the efficacy of a drug?
- A) Phase I
- B) Phase II
- C) Phase III
- D) Phase IV
Answer: (C) Phase III
Phase III trials confirm the drug's effectiveness in large populations before approval.
Q3. Which of the following drugs is an H2 receptor antagonist?
- A) Omeprazole
- B) Ranitidine
- C) Loratadine
- D) Fexofenadine
Answer: (B) Ranitidine
Ranitidine blocks H2 receptors in the stomach, reducing acid production.
Q4. What is the normal pH range of blood?
- A) 6.8 - 7.2
- B) 7.35 - 7.45
- C) 7.5 - 8.0
- D) 6.0 - 6.5
Answer: (B) 7.35 - 7.45
The normal pH of blood is maintained within 7.35-7.45 for homeostasis.
Q5. Which schedule of the Drugs and Cosmetics Act regulates narcotic drugs in India?
- A) Schedule H
- B) Schedule X
- C) Schedule G
- D) Schedule C
Answer: (B) Schedule X
Schedule X drugs require special prescription and strict regulations due to addiction potential.
Q6. Which dosage form is designed for controlled drug release?
- A) Tablet
- B) Capsule
- C) Sustained-release tablet
- D) Powder
Answer: (C) Sustained-release tablet
Sustained-release tablets release drugs gradually over time, improving compliance.
Q7. What is the primary function of bile salts in digestion?
- A) Emulsification of fats
- B) Protein breakdown
- C) Carbohydrate digestion
- D) Acid neutralization
Answer: (A) Emulsification of fats
Bile salts help emulsify fats, making them easier to digest by lipase.
Q8. Which vitamin deficiency causes rickets?
- A) Vitamin A
- B) Vitamin C
- C) Vitamin D
- D) Vitamin K
Answer: (C) Vitamin D
Vitamin D deficiency leads to rickets, causing weak bones in children.
Q9. Which instrument is used for sterilization by dry heat?
- A) Autoclave
- B) Hot air oven
- C) Laminar airflow
- D) UV chamber
Answer: (B) Hot air oven
Hot air oven sterilizes instruments by dry heat at 160°C for 2 hours.
Q10. Which drug is commonly used in the treatment of tuberculosis?
- A) Rifampicin
- B) Amoxicillin
- C) Cephalexin
- D) Metronidazole
Answer: (A) Rifampicin
Rifampicin is part of the first-line treatment for tuberculosis (TB).
Q11. Which polymer is used for enteric coating of tablets?
- A) Hydroxypropyl cellulose
- B) Eudragit
- C) Starch
- D) Gelatin
Answer: (B) Eudragit
Eudragit protects tablets from gastric acid and allows release in the intestine.
Q12. Which of the following is a β-lactam antibiotic?
- A) Ciprofloxacin
- B) Penicillin
- C) Vancomycin
- D) Erythromycin
Answer: (B) Penicillin
Penicillin contains a β-lactam ring, essential for its antibacterial activity.
Q13. What is the main site of drug metabolism?
- A) Kidney
- B) Liver
- C) Lungs
- D) Heart
Answer: (B) Liver
The liver is the primary organ for drug metabolism, mainly via CYP enzymes.
Q14. Which neurotransmitter is mainly affected in Alzheimer’s disease?
- A) Dopamine
- B) Serotonin
- C) Acetylcholine
- D) GABA
Answer: (C) Acetylcholine
Alzheimer's disease is associated with a deficiency of acetylcholine.
Q15. Which anticoagulant is used in blood storage bags?
- A) Heparin
- B) Warfarin
- C) EDTA
- D) Citrate
Answer: (D) Citrate
Citrate prevents blood clotting by binding to calcium in storage bags.
Q16. Which of the following is a third-generation cephalosporin?
- A) Cephalexin
- B) Ceftriaxone
- C) Cefuroxime
- D) Cefazolin
Answer: (B) Ceftriaxone
Ceftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin with a broad spectrum.
Q17. Which hormone is responsible for milk ejection?
- A) Prolactin
- B) Oxytocin
- C) Estrogen
- D) Progesterone
Answer: (B) Oxytocin
Oxytocin stimulates milk ejection during breastfeeding.
Q18. What is the normal shelf life of most pharmaceutical tablets?
- A) 1-2 years
- B) 3-5 years
- C) 5-7 years
- D) 10 years
Answer: (B) 3-5 years
Most tablets have a shelf life of 3-5 years under proper storage conditions.
Q19. Which drug is used as an antidote for heparin overdose?
- A) Vitamin K
- B) Protamine sulfate
- C) EDTA
- D) Warfarin
Answer: (B) Protamine sulfate
Protamine sulfate neutralizes heparin to prevent excessive bleeding.
Q20. Which analytical technique is used for drug purity testing?
- A) NMR
- B) UV Spectroscopy
- C) IR Spectroscopy
- D) HPLC
Answer: (D) HPLC
HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) is widely used for drug purity analysis.
Q21. Which is an example of an aminoglycoside antibiotic?
- A) Tetracycline
- B) Amikacin
- C) Erythromycin
- D) Clindamycin
Answer: (B) Amikacin
Amikacin belongs to aminoglycosides, effective against gram-negative bacteria.
Q22. Which dosage form bypasses first-pass metabolism?
- A) Oral tablet
- B) Sublingual tablet
- C) Capsule
- D) Suppository
Answer: (B) Sublingual tablet
Sublingual tablets absorb directly into the bloodstream, avoiding liver metabolism.
Q23. Which of these is a synthetic corticosteroid?
- A) Prednisolone
- B) Adrenaline
- C) Insulin
- D) Thyroxine
Answer: (A) Prednisolone
Prednisolone is a synthetic corticosteroid used for inflammation and allergies.
Q24. Which organ is most affected by nephrotoxic drugs?
- A) Liver
- B) Heart
- C) Kidneys
- D) Lungs
Answer: (C) Kidneys
Nephrotoxic drugs primarily damage the kidneys.
Q25. Which of the following is a macrolide antibiotic?
- A) Erythromycin
- B) Ciprofloxacin
- C) Amoxicillin
- D) Doxycycline
Answer: (A) Erythromycin
Erythromycin is a macrolide that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis.
Q26. Which one is a commonly used antiepileptic drug?
- A) Diazepam
- B) Phenytoin
- C) Paracetamol
- D) Ibuprofen
Answer: (B) Phenytoin
Phenytoin is widely used for controlling seizures.
Q27. Which of the following is used as a preservative in pharmaceutical preparations?
- A) Citric acid
- B) Chlorocresol
- C) Sucrose
- D) Starch
Answer: (B) Chlorocresol
Chlorocresol prevents microbial growth in formulations.
Q28. Which gas is used for sterilizing heat-sensitive equipment?
- A) Nitrogen
- B) Carbon dioxide
- C) Ethylene oxide
- D) Oxygen
Answer: (C) Ethylene oxide
Ethylene oxide gas is used for sterilizing surgical and medical devices.
Q29. What is the use of mannitol in pharmacy?
- A) Diuretic
- B) Antibiotic
- C) Analgesic
- D) Antifungal
Answer: (A) Diuretic
Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic used to reduce pressure in the brain and eyes.
Q30. Which of the following is a sedative-hypnotic agent?
- A) Paracetamol
- B) Diazepam
- C) Aspirin
- D) Metformin
Answer: (B) Diazepam
Diazepam is a benzodiazepine with sedative and hypnotic effects.
Q31. Which is a commonly used emulsifying agent?
- A) Sucrose
- B) Acacia
- C) Magnesium sulfate
- D) Sodium chloride
Answer: (B) Acacia
Acacia is used to stabilize emulsions in pharmaceutical preparations.
Q32. Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin by sunlight?
- A) Vitamin A
- B) Vitamin B12
- C) Vitamin D
- D) Vitamin K
Answer: (C) Vitamin D
Vitamin D is synthesized when the skin is exposed to sunlight.
Q33. Which drug class does Losartan belong to?
- A) Beta-blockers
- B) Calcium channel blockers
- C) ACE inhibitors
- D) ARBs
Answer: (D) ARBs
Losartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker used for hypertension.
Q34. Which laboratory test evaluates kidney function?
- A) LFT
- B) ECG
- C) Serum creatinine
- D) CBC
Answer: (C) Serum creatinine
Serum creatinine is a key indicator of kidney function.
Q35. Which schedule deals with prescription drugs in India?
- A) Schedule H
- B) Schedule K
- C) Schedule P
- D) Schedule J
Answer: (A) Schedule H
Schedule H drugs are sold only on the prescription of a registered medical practitioner.
Q36. Which organelle is called the 'powerhouse of the cell'?
- A) Nucleus
- B) Golgi apparatus
- C) Mitochondria
- D) Ribosome
Answer: (C) Mitochondria
Mitochondria produce energy through ATP synthesis.
Q37. Which drug is used to treat hyperthyroidism?
- A) Levothyroxine
- B) Methimazole
- C) Insulin
- D) Prednisone
Answer: (B) Methimazole
Methimazole inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis in hyperthyroidism.
Q38. Which electrolyte is critical for nerve impulse transmission?
- A) Calcium
- B) Magnesium
- C) Potassium
- D) Iron
Answer: (C) Potassium
Potassium plays a vital role in action potential transmission in nerves.
Q39. Which of the following is a loop diuretic?
- A) Spironolactone
- B) Furosemide
- C) Hydrochlorothiazide
- D) Amiloride
Answer: (B) Furosemide
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that works in the ascending loop of Henle.
Q40. Which part of the prescription contains instructions to the pharmacist?
- A) Superscription
- B) Inscription
- C) Subscription
- D) Signature
Answer: (C) Subscription
Subscription contains directions to the pharmacist about compounding and dispensing.
Q41. What is the role of glidants in tablet formulation?
- A) Binders
- B) Disintegrants
- C) Flow enhancers
- D) Lubricants
Answer: (C) Flow enhancers
Glidants like talc improve the flow properties of powders.
Q42. Which test is used to detect the presence of reducing sugars?
- A) Molisch test
- B) Benedict's test
- C) Biuret test
- D) Tollen's test
Answer: (B) Benedict's test
Benedict’s test gives a brick-red precipitate in presence of reducing sugars.
Q43. Which Indian body regulates drug approvals?
- A) CDSCO
- B) FDA
- C) WHO
- D) IMA
Answer: (A) CDSCO
Central Drugs Standard Control Organization regulates drug approvals in India.
Q44. Which enzyme breaks down proteins in the stomach?
- A) Amylase
- B) Pepsin
- C) Lipase
- D) Trypsin
Answer: (B) Pepsin
Pepsin is the main proteolytic enzyme in the stomach.
Q45. Which part of the plant is used in case of digitalis?
- A) Root
- B) Leaf
- C) Bark
- D) Flower
Answer: (B) Leaf
Leaves of Digitalis purpurea contain cardiac glycosides.
Q46. Which is an example of a fixed-dose combination drug?
- A) Paracetamol
- B) Amoxicillin
- C) Lopinavir/Ritonavir
- D) Metformin
Answer: (C) Lopinavir/Ritonavir
Lopinavir/Ritonavir is a combination used in antiretroviral therapy.
Q47. Which type of immunity is passed from mother to child?
- A) Active immunity
- B) Artificial immunity
- C) Passive natural immunity
- D) Adaptive immunity
Answer: (C) Passive natural immunity
Passive natural immunity is passed via placenta and breast milk.
Q48. Which analytical method separates mixtures based on polarity?
- A) UV Spectroscopy
- B) Chromatography
- C) Titration
- D) Electrophoresis
Answer: (B) Chromatography
Chromatography separates compounds based on their polarity and interaction with the stationary phase.
Q49. Which drug is used for emergency contraception?
- A) Levonorgestrel
- B) Ethinylestradiol
- C) Misoprostol
- D) Mifepristone
Answer: (A) Levonorgestrel
Levonorgestrel is a commonly used emergency contraceptive pill.
Q50. Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting?
- A) Vitamin A
- B) Vitamin D
- C) Vitamin E
- D) Vitamin K
Answer: (D) Vitamin K
Vitamin K is crucial for the synthesis of clotting factors.
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