1

a chemical reaction in which two species (e.g. molecules, ions or radicals) react together to form new chemical species.

bimolecular reaction

2

the energy required to break a particular bond by a homolytic process.

bond energy

3

any of two or more hypothetical structures of resonance theory which can be written for a molecule simply by rearranging the valence electrons of the molecule.

canonical structures

4

a solution of definite pH made up in such a way that the pH alters only gradually with the addition of an acid or a base.

buffer solution

5

the energy required to break a particular bond by a homolytic process.

bond energy

6

a substance that, when added to a reaction mixture, changes (speeds up) the rate of attainment of equilibrum in the system without itself undergoing a permanent chemical change.

catalyst

7

the method for producing gasoline from heavy petroleum distillates.

catalytic cracking

8

electron systems in which bonding electrons are not localised between two atoms as for a single bond but are spread (delocalized) over the whole group.

delocalization

9

the process of improving the octane number of straight-run gasoline by increasing the proportion of aromatic and branched chain alkanes.

catalytic reforming

10

the phenomenon in which plane polarised light is turned in a clockwise direction.

dextrorotatory

11

reactions which proceed by means of a set of repeating cyclical steps, e.g. the free radical addition of hydrogen bromide to an alkene.

chain reaction

12

stereoisomeric structures which are not enantiomers (mirror images) of one another.

diastereomers

13

a term which may be applied to any asymmetric object or molecule. The property of non-identity of an object with its mirror image

chirality

14

the angle between groups attached on adjacent carbon atoms when viewed in a Newman projection.

dihedral angle

1

a chemical reaction in which two species (e.g. molecules, ions or radicals) react together to form new chemical species.

bimolecular reaction

2

the energy required to break a particular bond by a homolytic process.

bond energy

3

any of two or more hypothetical structures of resonance theory which can be written for a molecule simply by rearranging the valence electrons of the molecule.

canonical structures

4

a solution of definite pH made up in such a way that the pH alters only gradually with the addition of an acid or a base.

buffer solution

5

the energy required to break a particular bond by a homolytic process.

bond energy

6

a substance that, when added to a reaction mixture, changes (speeds up) the rate of attainment of equilibrum in the system without itself undergoing a permanent chemical change.

catalyst

7

the method for producing gasoline from heavy petroleum distillates.

catalytic cracking

8

electron systems in which bonding electrons are not localised between two atoms as for a single bond but are spread (delocalized) over the whole group.

delocalization

9

the process of improving the octane number of straight-run gasoline by increasing the proportion of aromatic and branched chain alkanes.

catalytic reforming

10

the phenomenon in which plane polarised light is turned in a clockwise direction.

dextrorotatory

11

reactions which proceed by means of a set of repeating cyclical steps, e.g. the free radical addition of hydrogen bromide to an alkene.

chain reaction

12

stereoisomeric structures which are not enantiomers (mirror images) of one another.

diastereomers

13

a term which may be applied to any asymmetric object or molecule. The property of non-identity of an object with its mirror image

chirality

14

the angle between groups attached on adjacent carbon atoms when viewed in a Newman projection.

dihedral angle

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