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Pharmacology
Pharmacology is the branch of medical science which deals with the mechanism, functioning, experimental analysis of impact of different drugs on living system.
Explore in Pharmacology
Chapters All ❱
30 Nov -0001
histamine and antihistamine drugs...
Notes All ❱
12 Jul 2021
Antihistamines are drugs which treat rhinitis and other allergies. Typically people take antihistamines as a cheap , generic, over-the-counter medicin...
12 Jul 2021
Antihistamines are drugs which treat rhinitis and other allergies. Typically people take antihistamines as a cheap , generic, over-the-counter medicin...
prakash joshi
5 Nov 2020
There are some common drugs used in gynecology. Here is the list of drugs starting from "m" commonly used in obstetrics and gynecological conditio...
solotutes
12 Jun 2020
Some of drugs or chemicals are fatal to embryo development. Those drugs and chemical substances which produce deviations and abnormalities in the ...
pharmacy exams
19 May 2021
Classification of antimicrobials is based on their type of action on microbes kill or reduce the number, spectrum of activity i.e can work on specif...
One Liners All ❱
Addiction
2 of 15 〉 A ligand that binds to a receptor and alters the receptor state resulting in a biological response.Agonist
13 more 👇
Subcutaneous (SC) route
2 of 12 〉 In Sublingual route of drug administration Drug is absorbed throughBuccal mucosa membrane
10 more 👇
competitive antagonism
2 of 12 〉 When both agonist and antagonist binds reversibly on the same site of the receptorcompetitive antagonism
10 more 👇
Neuroeffector junction
2 of 3 〉 Nerves that convey impulses from the brain and spinal cord (CNS) to muscles, glands and other effector organsEfferent (Motor)
1 more 👇
Germinoma
2 of 7 〉 cancer of skin that develops when melanocytes (the cells that give the skin its tan or brown color) start to grow out of control.Melanoma
5 more 👇
Presence of fatty meal
2 of 9 〉 Death due to cyanide poisoning results fromInhibition of cytochrome oxidase
7 more 👇
Practice (MCQs) All ❱
1 of 56
Q.1 Compared to subcutaneous injection, the intramus- cular injection of drugs:
- Is more painful
- Produces faster response
- Is unsuitable for depot preparations
- Carries greater risk of anaphylactic reaction
Answer ✔ (b) Produces faster response
Pharmacology • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy • Diploma in Pharmacy
2 of 56
Q.2 The majority of drugs cross biological membranes primarily by
- Passive diffusion
- Facilitated diffusion
- Active transport
- Pinocytosis
Answer ✔ (a) Passive diffusion
Pharmacology • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy • Diploma in Pharmacy
3 of 56
Directions:
Q.3 Which of the following drugs is most likely to be absorbed from the stomach
- Hyoscine hydrobromide
- Morphine sulfate
- Diclofenac sodium
- Quinine dihydrochloride
Answer ✔ (c) Diclofenac sodium
Pharmacology • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy • Diploma in Pharmacy
4 of 56
Directions:
Q.4 The most important factor governing absorption of a drug from intact skin is
- Nature of the base used in the formulation
- Lipid solubility of the drug
- Molecular weight of the drug
- Site of application
Answer ✔ (b) Lipid solubility of the drug
Pharmacology • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy • Diploma in Pharmacy
5 of 56
Q.5 Bioavailability differences among oral formulations of a drug are most likely to occur if the drug
- Undergoes little first-pass metabolism
- Is incompletely absorbed
- Is freely water soluble
- Is completely absorbed
Answer ✔ (b) Is incompletely absorbed
Pharmacology • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy • Diploma in Pharmacy
6 of 56
Q.6 Marked redistribution is a feature of
- Highly plasma protein bound drugs
- Depot preparations
- Highly lipid soluble drugs
- Poorly lipid soluble drugs
Answer ✔ (c) Highly lipid soluble drugs
Pharmacology • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy • Diploma in Pharmacy
7 of 56
Q.7 High plasma protein binding
- Increases volume of distribution of the drug
- Generally makes the drug long acting
- Facilitates glomerular filtration of the drug
- Minimises drug interactions
Answer ✔ (b) Generally makes the drug long acting
Pharmacology • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy • Diploma in Pharmacy
8 of 56
Q.8 Which of the following is a prodrug
- Enalapril
- Menapril
- Thiazine
- Penicillin
Answer ✔ (a) Enalapril
Pharmacology • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy • Diploma in Pharmacy
9 of 56
Q.9 Microsomal enzyme induction can be a cause of
- Tolerance
- Physical dependence
- Psychological dependence
- Idiosyncrasy
Answer ✔ (a) Tolerance
Pharmacology • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy • Diploma in Pharmacy
10 of 56
Q.10 Glomerular filtration of a drug is affected by its
- Plasma protein binding
- Lipid solubility
- Degree of ionization
- Rate of tubular secretion
Answer ✔ (a) Plasma protein binding
Pharmacology • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy • Diploma in Pharmacy
11 of 56
Directions:
Q.1 Which of the following organs is innervated only by parasympathetic nerves
- Sweat glands
- Ciliary muscle
- Iris muscles
- Splenic capsule
Answer ✔ (b) Ciliary muscle
Pharmacology • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy • Diploma in Pharmacy
12 of 56
Directions: .
Q.2 The following cotransmitter is most probably involved in mediating nonadrenergic-noncholinergic (NANC) relaxation of the gut
- Nitric oxide (NO)
- Adenosine
- Neuropeptide Y (NPY)
- Kallidin
Answer ✔ (d) Kallidin
Pharmacology • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy • Diploma in Pharmacy
13 of 56
Q.3 The major postjunctional cholinergic receptor is of the muscarinic type at the following site
- Neuromuscular junction
- Postganglionic parasympathetic
- Adrenal medulla
- Autonomic ganglia
Answer ✔ (b) Postganglionic parasympathetic
Pharmacology • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy • Diploma in Pharmacy
14 of 56
Q.4 The choline ester resistant to both true and pseudo- cholinesterase is
- Bethanechol
- Butyrylcholine
- Methacholine
- Benzoylcholine
Answer ✔ (a) Bethanechol
Pharmacology • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy • Diploma in Pharmacy
15 of 56
Q.5 The smooth muscle structure that is relaxed by choli- nergic drugs is
- Colon
- Gastric fundus
- Bladder trigone
- Major bronchi
Answer ✔ (c) Bladder trigone
Pharmacology • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy • Diploma in Pharmacy
16 of 56
Q.6 Pilocarpine is used for
- Glaucoma
- Paralytic ileus
- Urinary retention
- Infection
Answer ✔ (a) Glaucoma
Pharmacology • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy • Diploma in Pharmacy
17 of 56
Q.7 The following inhibitor binds only to the ani-onic site of the cholinesterase enzyme
- Neostigmine
- Edrophonium
- Physostigmine
- Dyflos
Answer ✔ (b) Edrophonium
Pharmacology • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy • Diploma in Pharmacy
18 of 56
Q.8 Reactivation of cholinesterase enzyme occurs on hydrolysis of the inhibitor by the same enzyme mole- cule in case of the following anticholinesterase
- Edrophonium
- Dyflos
- Tacrine
- Neostigmine
Answer ✔ (d) Neostigmine
Pharmacology • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy • Diploma in Pharmacy
19 of 56
Q.9 Pyridostigmine differs from neostigmine in that
- It produces less muscarinic side effects
- It is more potent orally
- It is longer acting
- It does not have any direct action on NM receptor
Answer ✔ (c) It is longer acting
Pharmacology • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy • Diploma in Pharmacy
20 of 56
Q.10 The site of action of miotics for therapeutic effect in angle closure glaucoma is
- Canal of Schlemm
- Ciliary body
- Ciliary muscle
- Sphincter pupillae muscle
Answer ✔ (d) Sphincter pupillae muscle
Pharmacology • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy • Diploma in Pharmacy
21 of 56
Q.1 Labetalol differs from propranolol in that
- It has additional α1 blocking property
- It is a selective βS1 blocker
- It does not undergo first pass metabolism
- All of the above
Answer ✔ (a) It has additional α1 blocking property
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
22 of 56
Q.2 Select the β-adrenergic blocker that has additional β1blocking, vasodilator and antioxidant properties
- Celiprolol
- Metoprolol
- Carvedilol
- Acebutolol
Answer ✔ (c) Carvedilol
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
23 of 56
Q.3 Select the β adrenergic blocker that is primarily eliminated unchanged by renal excretion
- Atenolol
- Carbinol
- Ethanol
- Dompirol
Answer ✔ (a) Atenolol
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
24 of 56
Q.4 Select the ultrashort acting cardioselective β adre- nergic blocker
- Carbinol
- Ethanol
- Esmolol
- Propalol
Answer ✔ (c) Esmolol
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
25 of 56
Q.5 The following disease is worsened by propranolol
- Raynaud’s disease
- Infection
- Heart attack
- Epilepsy
Answer ✔ (a) Raynaud’s disease
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
26 of 56
Q.6 Select the drug which is administered orally for erectile dysfunction in men
- Albendazole
- Mebendazole
- Cocaine
- Sildenafil
Answer ✔ (d) Sildenafil
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
27 of 56
Q.7 Which of the following is a selective α1A receptor bloc- ker that affords symptomatic relief in benign prostatic hypertrophy without producing significant fall in blood pressure
- Doxazosin
- Alprostadil
- Tamsulosin
- Yohimbine
Answer ✔ (c) Tamsulosin
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
28 of 56
Q.8 The bladder trigone and prostatic muscles are relaxed by
- Adrenergic α1 agonists
- Adrenergic α1 antagonists
- Adrenergic α2 antagonists
- Adrenergic α2 agonists
Answer ✔ (b) Adrenergic α1 antagonists
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
29 of 56
Q.9 The drug which produces vasoconstriction despite being an α adrenergic blocker is
- Tolazoline
- Desmopressin
- Ergotamine
- Sildenafil
Answer ✔ (c) Ergotamine
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
30 of 56
Q.10 While undergoing a surgical procedure a patient deve- lops hypotension. Which drug can be injected intramuscularly to raise his BP
- Noradrenaline
- Mephentermine
- Isoxsuprine
- Oxymetazoline
Answer ✔ (b) Mephentermine
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
31 of 56
Q.1 Labetalol differs from propranolol in that
- It has additional α1 blocking property
- It is a selective βS1 blocker
- It does not undergo first pass metabolism
- All of the above
Answer ✔ (a) It has additional α1 blocking property
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
32 of 56
Q.2 Select the β-adrenergic blocker that has additional β1blocking, vasodilator and antioxidant properties
- Celiprolol
- Metoprolol
- Carvedilol
- Acebutolol
Answer ✔ (c) Carvedilol
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
33 of 56
Q.3 Select the β adrenergic blocker that is primarily eliminated unchanged by renal excretion
- Atenolol
- Carbinol
- Ethanol
- Dompirol
Answer ✔ (a) Atenolol
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
34 of 56
Q.4 Select the ultrashort acting cardioselective β adre- nergic blocker
- Carbinol
- Ethanol
- Esmolol
- Propalol
Answer ✔ (c) Esmolol
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
35 of 56
Q.5 The following disease is worsened by propranolol
- Raynaud’s disease
- Infection
- Heart attack
- Epilepsy
Answer ✔ (a) Raynaud’s disease
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
36 of 56
Q.6 Select the drug which is administered orally for erectile dysfunction in men
- Albendazole
- Mebendazole
- Cocaine
- Sildenafil
Answer ✔ (d) Sildenafil
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
37 of 56
Q.7 Which of the following is a selective α1A receptor bloc- ker that affords symptomatic relief in benign prostatic hypertrophy without producing significant fall in blood pressure
- Doxazosin
- Alprostadil
- Tamsulosin
- Yohimbine
Answer ✔ (c) Tamsulosin
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
38 of 56
Q.8 The bladder trigone and prostatic muscles are relaxed by
- Adrenergic α1 agonists
- Adrenergic α1 antagonists
- Adrenergic α2 antagonists
- Adrenergic α2 agonists
Answer ✔ (b) Adrenergic α1 antagonists
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
39 of 56
Q.9 The drug which produces vasoconstriction despite being an α adrenergic blocker is
- Tolazoline
- Desmopressin
- Ergotamine
- Sildenafil
Answer ✔ (c) Ergotamine
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
40 of 56
Q.10 While undergoing a surgical procedure a patient deve- lops hypotension. Which drug can be injected intramuscularly to raise his BP
- Noradrenaline
- Mephentermine
- Isoxsuprine
- Oxymetazoline
Answer ✔ (b) Mephentermine
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
41 of 56
Q.1 Labetalol differs from propranolol in that
- It has additional α1 blocking property
- It is a selective βS1 blocker
- It does not undergo first pass metabolism
- All of the above
Answer ✔ (a) It has additional α1 blocking property
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
42 of 56
Q.2 Select the β-adrenergic blocker that has additional β1blocking, vasodilator and antioxidant properties
- Celiprolol
- Metoprolol
- Carvedilol
- Acebutolol
Answer ✔ (c) Carvedilol
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
43 of 56
Q.3 Select the β adrenergic blocker that is primarily eliminated unchanged by renal excretion
- Atenolol
- Carbinol
- Ethanol
- Dompirol
Answer ✔ (a) Atenolol
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
44 of 56
Q.4 Select the ultrashort acting cardioselective β adre- nergic blocker
- Carbinol
- Ethanol
- Esmolol
- Propalol
Answer ✔ (c) Esmolol
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
45 of 56
Q.5 The following disease is worsened by propranolol
- Raynaud’s disease
- Infection
- Heart attack
- Epilepsy
Answer ✔ (a) Raynaud’s disease
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
46 of 56
Q.6 Select the drug which is administered orally for erectile dysfunction in men
- Albendazole
- Mebendazole
- Cocaine
- Sildenafil
Answer ✔ (d) Sildenafil
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
47 of 56
Q.7 Which of the following is a selective α1A receptor bloc- ker that affords symptomatic relief in benign prostatic hypertrophy without producing significant fall in blood pressure
- Doxazosin
- Alprostadil
- Tamsulosin
- Yohimbine
Answer ✔ (c) Tamsulosin
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
48 of 56
Q.8 The bladder trigone and prostatic muscles are relaxed by
- Adrenergic α1 agonists
- Adrenergic α1 antagonists
- Adrenergic α2 antagonists
- Adrenergic α2 agonists
Answer ✔ (b) Adrenergic α1 antagonists
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
49 of 56
Q.9 The drug which produces vasoconstriction despite being an α adrenergic blocker is
- Tolazoline
- Desmopressin
- Ergotamine
- Sildenafil
Answer ✔ (c) Ergotamine
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
50 of 56
Q.10 While undergoing a surgical procedure a patient deve- lops hypotension. Which drug can be injected intramuscularly to raise his BP
- Noradrenaline
- Mephentermine
- Isoxsuprine
- Oxymetazoline
Answer ✔ (b) Mephentermine
Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Pharmacology • Post Graduation • D. Pharma • B. Pharma • Diploma in Pharmacy
51 of 56
Q.1 The following are excreted faster in basicurine
- Weak acids
- Strong acids
- Weak Bases
- None of the above
Answer ✔ (a) Weak acids
Explanation:
Pharmacology • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy
52 of 56
Q.2 A good example of chemical antagonism
- Heparin & Protamine
- Protamine & Zinc
- Heparin & Prothrombin
- All the above
Answer ✔ (a) Heparin & Protamine
Explanation: Chemical antagonism does not involve any receptors. Protamine is a positively charged protein at physiological pH and thus antagonizes the effects of Heparin which is negatively charged at physiological pH.
Pharmacology • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy
53 of 56
Q.3 Active transport differs from facilitated transport in following ways, except
- Carrier is involved
- It is against concentration gradient
- Energy is required
- All of the above
Answer ✔ (a) Carrier is involved
Explanation: Facilitated diffusion differs from active transport in that it does not require energy source and it carries the transport in the direction of electrochemical gradient.
Pharmacology • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy
54 of 56
Q.4 Acidic drugs mainly bind to plasma
- Albumin
- acid glycoprotein
- Weak acids
- Heparin & Protamine
Answer ✔ (a) Albumin
Explanation: Glycoprotein binds to basic drugs and albumin binds to many acidic drugs and a small number of basic drugs.
Pharmacology • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy
55 of 56
Q.5 _______ is expressed in both the intestinal epithelium and the kidney.
- CYP378A
- CYP4B2
- CYP3A4
- CYP256
Answer ✔ (a) CYP378A
Explanation: CYP3A4 is involved in the metabolism of majority of drugs and is also expressed extrahepatically. In fact, poor bioavailability of many drugs is attributed to the drug metabolism by CYP3A4 in gastrointestinal tract.
Pharmacology • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy
56 of 56
Q.6 N-oxidation will be involved with the metabolism of following drugs, except
- Dapsone
- Meperidine
- Phenytoin
- Chlorpheniramine
Answer ✔ (c) Phenytoin
Explanation: N-oxidation is involved in the metabolism of dapsone, meperidine and chloramphenicol. Metabolism of phenytoin involves oxidative Ndealkylation.
Pharmacology • B. Pharma • Bachelor of Pharmacy
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