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Everywhere we can find sound, there can be various sources of it like birds, humans, machines, instruments, bells, vehicles, television, radios, etc.
It is basically a form of energy that produces a sensation of hearing in ears.
We are having different forms of energy like mechanical energy, heat energy, light energy, etc.
One more thing we have learned is about conservation of energy which states that “energy can neither be created nor destroyed” we can just change it in one form to another. So, this phenomenon is also applicable for sounds.
For example- when we clap, a sound is produced. It means we are utilizing our energy to produce sound and we are actually producing sound.
Sound travels in a wave form.
Wave is a kind of disturbance that moves through a medium when the particle of the medium set neighboring particles into motion.
waves are of two types :
1. Electromagnetic waves :
· X – rays
· Lightwaves
· Infrared waves
· Ultraviolet
· Microwave
2. Mechanical waves :
· Transverse waves – eg. Polarized waves etc.
· Longitudinal waves – eg. Sound waves etc.
· Surface waves – eg. Water ripples etc.
The particles of the medium do not move forward but the disturbance is carried forward that causes the propagation of sound in a medium.
Hence, sound can also be known as a wave.
Production of sound somehow turns the particles in the medium into motion. Thus, they are also known as mechanical waves.
A wave that is produced when the object of the medium oscillates or move, is known as mechanical waves. Thus, sound waves are basically mechanical waves.
It is divided into two types :
1. Longitudinal waves :
In these type of waves, the movement of the particle are parallel to the motion of the energy.
Sound waves are longitudinal because the particle of the medium is parallel to the direction of the propagation of the sound waves.
Here, the particles in the medium move to and fro or back and forth.
Example – sound waves, pressure waves etc.
2.Transverse waves :
In this type of wave, the movement of the particle is at right angle or perpendicular to the motion of the energy.
Here, the particles do not oscillate along the line of wave propagation but oscillate up and down about the mean position as the wave travels.
Example – light waves, polarized waves etc.
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